Table 3.
Summary of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) results for usual care and combined digital medicine offering (DMO).
| Outcome | Usual care | DMO (combined) | |||
| Value | Value | Difference,a
(95% CI) |
Adjusted difference,a
(95% CI) |
||
| SBP (mm Hg) | |||||
| Baseline, mean (SE) | 155.4 (3.0) | 149.3 (1.5) | |||
| Week 4, mean change (SE) | –12.7 (2.8) | –21.8 (1.5) | –9.1 (2.9); (–14.0, –3.3) |
–10.0 (3.1); (–16.1, –3.9) |
|
| Week 12, mean change (SE) | –15.2 (2.0) | –20.9 (3.4) | –4.6 (4.9); (–14.3, 5.1) |
–4.8 (5.6); (–15.8, 6.3) |
|
| DBP (mm Hg) | |||||
| Baseline, mean (SE) | 83.9 (2.9) | 86.2 (3.2) | |||
| Week 4, mean change (SE) | –5.9 (3.0) | –9.0 (1.6) | –3.4 (3.1); (–9.4, 2.7) |
–2.4 (1.9); (–6.2, 1.3) |
|
| Week 12, mean change (SE) | –5.8 (2.2) | –8.6 (2.2) | –2.4 (3.4); (–9.1, 4.4) |
–1.2 (3.4); (–7.2, 4.8) |
|
| Proportion at BP goal (%) | |||||
| Week 4, mean (SE) | 33.3 (9.7) | 81.2 (5.1) | 47.9 (15.0); (18.5, 77.3) |
N/Ab | |
| Week 12, mean (SE) | 51.7 (15.6) | 80.0 (9.3) | 28.3 (24.6); (–19.9, 76.5) |
N/Ab | |
| FPG (mg/dL) | |||||
| Baseline, mean (SE) | 165.0 (13.6) | 182.8 (9.9) | |||
| Week 4, mean change (SE) | 13.4 (15.8) | –9.4 (14.3) | –22.7 (22.0); (–66.7, 21.4) |
–14.4 (21.7); (–57.0, 28.3) |
|
| Week 12, mean change (SE) | 14.9 (12.0) | –4.9 (14.9) | –16.2 (22.1); (–59.5, 27.1) |
–12.6 (20.1); (–52.0, 26.9) |
|
| HbA1c (%) | |||||
| Baseline, mean (SE) | 8.28 (0.38) | 8.66 (0.18) | |||
| Week 12, mean change (SE) | 0.26 (0.35) | –0.19 (0.14) | –0.48 (0.29); (–1.04, 0.09) |
–0.54 (0.41); (–1.3, 0.3) |
|
| HbA1c baseline ≥8% (%)c | |||||
| Baseline, mean (SE) | 9.25 (0.31) | 9.54 (0.19) | |||
| Week 12, mean change (SE) | 0.26 (0.34) | –0.50 (0.20) | –0.77 (0.40); (–1.6, 0.02) |
–0.94 (0.45); (–1.8, –0.1) |
|
aDifference from usual care.
bN/A: Adjusted analysis was not performed.
cUsual care: n=15; DMO: n=50.