Table 4.
Summary of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) results for 4-week and 12-week digital medicine offering (DMO) groups.
| Outcome | 4-week DMO | 12-week DMO | |||||
| Value | Difference,a
(95% CI) |
Adjusted difference,a
(95% CI) |
Value | Difference,a
(95% CI) |
Adjusted difference,a
(95% CI) |
||
| SBP (mm Hg) | |||||||
| Baseline mean (SE) | 152.2 (1.6) | 146.4 (0.8) | |||||
| Week 4 mean change (SE) | –21.5 (2.5) | –8.8 (3.5); (–15.7, –1.9) |
–8.5 (3.8); (–15.8, –1.1) |
–22.1 (1.8) | –9.4 (2.9); (–15.1, –3.6) |
–11.3 (3.3); (–17.6, –4.9) |
|
| Week 12 mean change (SE) | –17.2 (5.6) | –1.1 (5.9); (–12.6, 10.4) |
–0.3 (6.2); (–12.5, 11.9) |
–24.6 (1.7) | –9.4 (2.7); (–14.6, –4.2) |
–11.0 (3.1); (–17.1, –4.9) |
|
| DBP (mm Hg) | |||||||
| Baseline mean (SE) | 90.5 (2.8) | 82.0 (5.1) | |||||
| Week 4 mean change (SE) | –10.1 (1.6) | –4.3 (3.1); (–10.5, 1.8) |
–1.6 (2.4); (–6.2, 3.0) |
–7.8 (3.9) | –2.1 (5.2); (–12.2, 8.0) |
–4.4 (2.5); (–9.4, 0.5) |
|
| Week 12 mean change (SE) | –7.9 (3.3) | –1.8 (4.0); (–9.7, 6.1) | 2.0 (4.0); (–4.6, 8.6) | –9.2 (3.6) | –3.1 (4.1); (–11.2, 4.9) | –5.9 (4.1); (–13.3, 1.5) | |
| Proportion at BP goal (%) | |||||||
| Week 4 mean (SE) | 72.5 (7.3) | 39.2 (12.5); (14.7, 63.7) |
N/Ab | 90.0 (6.7) | 56.7 (16.4); (24.6, 88.7) |
N/Ab | |
| Week 12 mean (SE) | 62.5 (9.3) | 10.8 (23.4); (–35.1, 56.6) |
N/Ab | 97.5 (2.5) | 45.8 (19.8); (7.1, 84.5) |
N/Ab | |
| FPG (mg/dL) | |||||||
| Baseline mean (SE) | 174.2 (13.6) | 191.4 (16.2) | |||||
| Week 4 mean change (SE) | 4.7 (9.6) | –10.3 (19.9); (–49.2, 28.6) |
–9.8 (23.5); (–56.0, 36.3) |
–22.8 (31.1) | –38.7 (32.0); (–101.4, 24.1) |
–15.9 (30.7); (–76.1, 44.3) |
|
| Week 12 mean change (SE) | 20.9 (9.2) | 6.8 (15.4); (–23.4, 37.0) |
–0.5 (17.3); (–34.4, 33.4) |
–28.9 (18.9) | –44.6 (21.8); (–87.4, –1.8) |
–26.3 (22.9); (–71.2, 18.7) |
|
| HbA1c(%) | |||||||
| Baseline mean (SE) | 8.79 (0.29) | 8.53 (0.20) | |||||
| Week 12 mean change (SE) | –0.32 (0.22) | –0.65 (0.44); (–1.52, 0.23) |
–0.63 (0.54); (–1.69, 0.43) |
–0.08 (0.22) | –0.35 (0.40); (–1.13, 0.42) |
–0.50 (0.67); (–1.81, 0.81) |
|
| HbA1cbaseline ≥8% (%)c | |||||||
| Baseline mean (SE) | 9.78 (0.30) | 9.29 (0.23) | |||||
| Week 12 mean change (SE) | –0.72 (0.23) | –0.98 (0.38); (–1.72, –0.24) |
–0.98 (0.45); (–1.86, –0.10) |
–0.31 (0.31) | –0.57 (0.49); (–1.53, 0.39) |
–0.98 (0.58); (–2.12, 0.16) |
|
aDifference from usual care.
bN/A: Adjusted analysis was not performed.
c4-week DMO: n=26; 12-week DMO: n=24.