TABLE 1.
Antibiotic susceptibility of Simkania negevensis, compared to others Chlamydialesa
| Drug | MIC (μg/ml) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simkaniaceae, S. negevensis (this study)b | Parachlamydiaceae, Parachlamydia acanthamoebae (8)c | Waddliaceae, W. chondrophila (5, 11)b | Criblamydiaceae, E. lausannensis (6)b |
Chlamydiaceae |
||
| C. trachomatis (10, 21–24)b | Chlamydia pneumoniae (11, 21)b | |||||
| Cyclines | ||||||
| Tetracycline | 2 | ND | ND | 0.25 | 0.25–0.5 | 0.125–0.5 |
| Doxycycline | 0.5 | 2–4 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.03–0.25 | 0.02–0.5 |
| Lincosamide | ||||||
| Clindamycin | 1 | ND | 2–4 | ND | 0.25–2 | ND |
| Macrolides | ||||||
| Erythromycin | ND | 0.06 | ND | ND | 0.02–2 | 0.02–0.25 |
| Clarithromycin | ND | <0.06 | ND | ND | 0.02–0.125 | 0.004–0.125 |
| Azithromycin | <0.06 | ND | 0.25 | 2 | 0.6–2 | 0.02–0.5 |
| β-Lactams | ||||||
| Penicillin derivatives | >1,000 | >32 | >32 | >32 | 0.25–2 | 5 |
| Ceftriaxone | >1,000 | >32 | >32 | >32 | 16–32 | ND |
| Phosphonic acid derivative | ||||||
| Fosfomycin | >1,000 | ND | 500 | NDd | 500–1,000 | >1,000 |
| Glycopeptide | ||||||
| Vancomycin | >1,000 | ND | ND | ND | 1,000 | 1,000 |
| Fluoroquinolones | ||||||
| Ciprofloxacin | 4 | >16 | >16 | 32 | 0.5–2 | 1–4 |
| Ofloxacin | 1 | >16 | >16 | 16 | 0.5–1 | 0.5–2 |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5 | ND | ND | ND | 0.12–0.5 | 0.25–1 |
| Rifamycin | ||||||
| Rifampin | <0.06 | 0.25–0.5 | ND | ND | <0.125 to 1 | <0.125 |
a
Shown are the MICs of various antibiotics against members of the Chlamydiales orders (5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 21–24). This table was adapted from reference 8 with permission. ND, not done.
b
Tested in mammalian cells.
c
Tested in amoebae.
d
Criblamydiaceae present the Cys115-to-Asp substitution in the active site of MurA, which is known to confer resistance to fosfomycin in Chlamydia spp.