Figure 4. Moran’s I correlation coefficients describing the spatial autocorrelation of genotypes of Plasmodium falciparum parasite pairs.

Spatial autocorrelation was tested separately for parasites grouped into three distance classes of a) 1km, b) 2km and c) 5km. Within each distance class, correlations were computed for each of the first 3 principal components (PCs). The asterisks represent those distances at which statistically significant (p<0.01) correlation coefficients were found for parasite pairs within each distance class, indicative of possible clustering of specific parasite genotypes.