Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with recurrence-free and overall survival in the open-approach cohort.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | |
| Recurrence-free survival | ||||
| ASA score > 2 | .064 | 1.66 (0.97–2.84) | .125 | - |
| Multiple CHT lines | .001 | 3.54 (1.63–7.67) | .221 | - |
| CEA > 5 | .055 | 1.38 (0.99–1.94) | .115 | - |
| PVE | .081 | 1.73 (0.93–3.22) | .659 | - |
| Largest CLM size > 5cm | .074 | 1.51 (0.96–2.36) | .515 | - |
| Multiple CLM | .023 | 1.47 (1.05–2.06) | .008 | 1.59 (1.13–2.23) |
| Inability to RIOT | <.001 | 2.01 (1.39–2.86) | <.001 | 2.16 (1.48–3.13) |
| Overall survival | ||||
| Primary tumor in rectum | .054 | 1.89 (0.99–3.61) | .064 | - |
| Largest CLM size > 5cm | .063 | 1.75 (.97–3.15) | .338 | - |
| IOBL> 1000 ml | .009 | 3.92 (1.41–10.85) | .019 | 3.44 (1.22–9.68) |
| Positive margin | .021 | 2.14 (1.12–4.08) | .045 | 1.94 (1.02–3.74) |
| Inability to RIOT | .003 | 2.13 (1.29–3.52) | .005 | 2.07 (1.24–3.43) |
Multivariate Cox regression was applied with stepwise backward selection. Factors with a p value <.01 at the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate model. Factors showing no or limited statistically significant association (p> .01) with tumor recurrence or survival were deleted from the model in a stepwise fashion. The 22 factors tested were as follows: gender, age (< vs. ≥ 60 years), ASA score (≤ vs. >2), diabetes (yes vs no), hypertension (yes vs. no), BMI (< vs. ≥ 30), primary tumor location (rectum vs. colon), primary tumor nodal status (positive vs. negative) preoperative CHT (yes vs no), multiple lines of preoperative CHT (yes vs. no), preoperative PVE (yes vs. no), CEA (≤ vs. > 5ng/dl), RFA (yes vs. no), extension of hepatectomy (major vs. minor), operation duration (≤ vs. > 180 minutes), IOBL (≤ vs > 1000 ml), largest CLM size (≤ vs. > 5 cm), number of tumors (solitary v multiple), surgical margin (negative vs. positive), perioperative transfusion (yes vs. no), any complication (yes vs. no), major complication (yes vs. no), RIOT (yes vs. no).
Abbreviations: HR, Hazard Ratio; CI: confidence interval; CHT, chemotherapy; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CLM, colorectal liver metastasis; PVE, portal vein embolization; RIOT, return to intended oncological therapy; IOBL, intraoperative blood loss.