Table 3.
Clinicopathological characteristics of the open-approach and MIS-approach cohorts.
| Open-approach cohort | MIS-approach cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| No. of patients (n=223) |
% | No. of patients (n=27) |
% | p | ||
| Preoperative characteristics | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Median age, years (range) | 62 (25 – 88) | 60 (30 – 78) | .959 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Male | Yes | 140 | 63 | 17 | 63 | .985 |
| No | 83 | 37 | 10 | 37 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes | Yes | 34 | 15 | 8 | 30 | .097 |
| No | 186 | 85 | 19 | 70 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Hypertension | Yes | 114 | 51 | 13 | 48 | .77 |
| No | 109 | 49 | 14 | 52 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Body mass index | 28.4 (17.2 – 47) | 26 (21 – 44) | .108 | |||
| Body mass index > 30 | Yes | 88 | 39 | 9 | 33 | .537 |
| No | 135 | 61 | 18 | 67 | ||
|
| ||||||
| ASA Score | 3 (2 – 4) | 3 (2 – 3) | .178 | |||
| ASA Score >2 | Yes | 191 | 86 | 25 | 93 | .551 |
| No | 32 | 14 | 2 | 7 | ||
| Preoperative CHT | Yes | 131 | 59 | 15 | 56 | .717 |
| No | 92 | 41 | 12 | 44 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Multiple regimen | Yes | 8 | 4 | 0 | 0 | .605 |
| No | 215 | 96 | 27 | 100 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Median number of cycles of preoperative CHT (Range) | 4 (0 – 10) | 1 (0 – 12) | .207 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Preoperative PVE | Yes | 16 | 7 | 0 | 0 | .230 |
| No | 207 | 93 | 27 | 100 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Intraoperative characteristics | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Associated RFA | Yes | 14 | 6 | 0 | 0 | .375 |
| No | 209 | 94 | 27 | 100 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Liver Resection | Minor | 103 | 46 | 25 | 92.6 | <.001 |
| Major | 120 | 54 | 2 | 7.4 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Associated procedures | Yes | 38 | 17 | 4 | 15 | .770 |
| No | 185 | 83 | 23 | 85 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Median operation duration, minutes (range) | 135 (50 – 714) | 197 (85 – 593) | .01 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Median IOBL, ml (range) | 200 (0 – 1800) | 75 (0 – 350) | <.001 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Perioperative Transfusion | Yes | 37 | 17 | 0 | 0 | .03 |
| No | 186 | 83 | 27 | 100 | ||
| Pathologic characteristics | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Median tumors number (range) | 1 (1 – 8) | 1 (1 – 4) | .01 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Median largest tumor size, mm (range) | 25 (5 – 120) | 20 (2 – 66) | .144 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Surgical margin | Positive | 21 | 9 | 1 | 4 | .484 |
|
| ||||||
| Negative | 202 | 91 | 26 | 96 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Postoperative characteristics | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Complications | Yes | 78 | 35 | 0 | 0 | <.001 |
| No | 145 | 65 | 27 | 100 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Major complications | Yes | 22 | 10 | 0 | 0 | .144 |
| No | 201 | 90 | 27 | 100 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Median length of stay, Days (range) | 6 (3 – 46) | 4 (1 – 8) | <.001 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Ability to RIOT | Yes | 167 | 75 | 27 | 100 | .003 |
| No | 56 | 25 | 0 | 0 | ||
Values are expressed in numbers and percentages or in medians (range).
Abbreviations: MIS, minimally invasive surgery; CHT, chemotherapy; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; PVE, portal vein embolization; RFA, radiofrequency ablation; IOBL, intraoperative blood loss; RIOT, return to intended oncologic therapy.