Table 2.
Comparison of Vaccinia-Specific T Cell and Cytokine Responses in Sub-cohorts.
| Dryvax Cohort Low responder ELISPOT1 | Dryvax Cohort Normal responder ELISPOT1 | Dryvax Cohort p-value2 | ACAM Cohort Low responder ELISPOT 1 | ACAM Cohort Normal responder ELISPOT1 | ACAM Cohort p-value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PBMCs | 16.0 (1, 57) | 52.0 (25, 89) | 0.007 | 7.0 (0, 30) | 18.0 (6, 37) | 0.615 |
| CD8+ T cells only | 4.0 (−2, 7) | 10.0 (−2, 27) | 0.027 | 1.0 (−1,3) | 4.0 (0,10) | 0.012 |
| Cytokine | Dryvax Cohort Low responder ELISA3 | Dryvax Cohort Normal responder ELISA3 | Dryvax Cohort p-value2 | ACAM Cohort Low responder ELISA3 | ACAM Cohort Normal responder ELISA3 | ACAM Cohort p-value 2 |
| IFNα | 20.8 (4, 58) | 63.5 (18, 133) | 0.007 | 206.9 (111, 279) | 179.7 (101, 282) | 0.4 |
| IFNβ | 1.8 (1, 5) | 1.6 (−3, 7) | 0.5 | NT | NT | – |
| IFNγ | −33.8 (−338, 269) | 294.4 (17.1, 1,273) | < 0.001 | 31.4 (−30, 612) | 292.2 (43, 986) | 0.05 |
| IL-1β | 45.2 (27, 172) | 50.8 (25, 122) | 0.9 | 36.3 (21, 159) | 65.1 (27, 159) | 0.3 |
| IL-2 | 4.2 (0, 13) | 16.4 (4, 37) | 0.003 | −0.9 (−9, 16) | 4.7 (−11, 35) | 0.06 |
| IL-4 | −1.3 (−5, 0) | 0.7 (−2, 4) | < 0.001 | NT | NT | – |
| IL-6 | 761.1 (461, 1488) | 1,076.1 (448, 1964) | 0.5 | 2,175 (731, 3,694) | 2,131 (543, 3,474) | 0.9 |
| IL-10 | −0.6 (−3, 2) | 2.8 (0, 11) | 0.2 | NT | NT | – |
| IL-12p40 | 38.2 (29, 88) | 62.9 (30, 122) | 0.3 | 79.2 (3, 176) | 93.1 (34, 210) | 0.7 |
| IL-12p70 | 2.2 (1, 8) | 3.0 (1, 6) | 0.6 | NT | NT | – |
| IL-18 | 0.1 (−3, 2) | 0.8 (−2, 3) | 0.1 | NT | NT | – |
| TNFα | 183.0 (93, 291) | 165.0 (91, 319) | 0.4 | 110.7 (43, 204) | 114.7 (50, 261) | 0.2 |
Bolded items are statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
1
ELISPOT response reported as the median number of spot forming units per well, with interquartile ranges displayed in parentheses.
2
p-value from repeated measures linear regression models adjusting for gender.
3
ELISA responses reported as pg/ml, with interquartile ranges displayed in parentheses. Negative values indicate that unstimulated secretion values were higher than stimulated values. NT = not tested.