Table 1.
List of basic GEMMs that develop PanIN lesions, organized by the prenatal or postnatal expression of the oncogenic initiating event. The targeted cell type is indicated.
| GEM model | Tumor initiation | Targeted cell type | Lesions (incidence %) | Observations | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PanIN | PDAC | MET | |||||
| Elastase‐TGF‐α | Prenatal | Acinar | 100 | 10 | No | KrasG12D accelerates progression of mPanIN lesions to PDAC | Wagner et al., 2001 |
| Pdx1‐Cre; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Prenatal | Acinar, CAC, ductal, endocrine | 100 | 100 | Yes | Impossibility to asses cell of origin | Hingorani et al., 2003 |
| Ptf1a‐Cre; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Prenatal | Acinar, CAC, ductal, endocrine | 100 | 100 | Yes | Impossibility to asses cell of origin | Hingorani et al., 2003 |
| Elastase‐tTA; Tet‐O‐Cre; K‐Ras+/LSLG12Vgeo | Prenatal | Acinar | 90 | 10 | No | Pancreatitis accelerates PanIN development. | Guerra et al., 2007 |
| Nestin‐Cre; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Prenatal | Acinar, acinar precursors | 100 | No | No | Short survival due to CNS complications. PDAC in the context of pancreatitis. | Carriere et al., 2007 |
| Elastase‐tTA; Tet‐O‐Cre; K‐Ras+/LSLG12Vgeo plus caerulein | Postnatal (8 weeks) | Acinar | 100 | 20 | No | PanIN development requires pancreatitis. | Guerra et al., 2007 |
| Elastase‐CreER; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Postnatal (6 weeks) | Acinar | 36 | NA | No | Leaky system. Short term study. | De La O et al., 2008 |
| Elastase‐CreERT2; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Postnatal (6 weeks) | Acinar | 63 | No | No | PanIN development does not require pancreatitis. | Habbe et al., 2008 |
| Mist1‐CreERT2; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Postnatal (6 weeks) | Acinar | 30 | No | No | PanIN development does not require pancreatitis. | Habbe et al., 2008 |
| Pdx1‐CreER; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Postnatal (8 weeks) | Endocrine | 55 | Rare | No | The system may target acinar and precursor cells. | Gidekel‐Friedlander et al., 2009 |
| proCPA1CreERT2; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Postnatal (3 weeks) | Acinar | 10 | No | No | PanIN development require pancreatitis in older mice (5–8 weeks): PanIN in 33% mice. | Gidekel‐Friedlander et al., 2009 |
| RipCreER; K‐Ras+/LSLG12D | Postnatal (2–8 weeks) | Insulin expressing cells | 0 | No | No | Cooperation with pancreatitis | Gidekel‐Friedlander et al., 2009 |
MET (metastasis); NA: not analyzed.