Table 1.
Baseline Patient Characteristics in the Renal Conservative Care Program in Calgary, Alberta.
| Characteristic at G5 non-dialysis CKDa onset | All patients (n = 154) |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), years | 81.4 (9.0) |
| Male, n (%) | 71 (46.1) |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 65 (42.2) |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 27.8 (6.3) |
| CKD etiology, n (%)b | |
| Hypertension/ischemia | 81 (52.6) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 67 (43.5) |
| Reflux/obstruction | 13 (8.4) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 4 (2.6) |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 1 (0.6) |
| Otherc | 17 (11.0) |
| Unknown | 15 (9.7) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score, mean (SD) | 3.4 (2.8) |
| Comorbidities, n (%)b | |
| Diabetes with end-organ damage | 69 (44.8) |
| Congestive heart failure | 40 (26.0) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 39 (25.3) |
| Myocardial infarction | 38 (24.7) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 32 (20.8) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 27 (17.5) |
| Dementia | 22 (14.3) |
| Diabetes without end-organ damage | 17 (11.0) |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 12 (7.8) |
| Metastatic cancer | 7 (4.5) |
| Rheumatological disease | 7 (4.5) |
| Leukemia | 1 (0.6) |
| Lymphoma | 1 (0.6) |
| Moderate or severe liver disease | 1 (0.6) |
| Late referral to multidisciplinary CKD clinic, n (%) | 54 (35.1) |
| Prior kidney transplant, n (%) | 1 (0.6) |
| Prior dialysis, n (%) | 8 (5.2) |
| Hemodialysis | 6 (75) |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 2 (25) |
| Duration on dialysis, median (IQR), months | 10 (2.8-45.2) |
| Laboratory measurements, mean (SD) | |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 108 (16) |
| Phosphate, mmol/L | 1.5 (0.3) |
| Calcium, mmol/L | 2.4 (0.2) |
| Calcium phosphate product, mmol2/L2 | 3.7 (0.8) |
| Parathyroid hormone, ng/L | 187 (172) |
Note. CKD = chronic kidney disease; BMI = body mass index.
a
Estimated glomerular filtration rate <15 mL/min/1.73 m2.
b
The total percentages for CKD etiology and comorbidities exceeded 100% because some patients had more than one etiology and comorbidity.
c
Other etiologies include drug-induced, infection, and tubulointerstitial disease.