TABLE 2.

Radiological^# and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) features

	Stable IPF	Acute exacerbation of IPF	p-value
Subjects n	30	24
Radiological features
Hiatal hernia prevalence	57% (17)	67% (16)	0.45
Hiatal hernia diameter cm	1.4 (0–1.5)	1.5 (0–1.6)	0.39
Hiatal hernia height cm	1.0 (0–2.0)	2.0 (0–2.5)	0.29
Ground-glass opacity score %	2 (0–5)	18 (6–27)	<0.01
Consolidation score %	0 (0–0)	0 (0–3)	<0.01
Honeycombing score %	4 (1–9)	6 (3–12)	0.17
Reticulation score %	6 (3–8)	9 (5–27)	<0.01
Overall CT score %	13 (8–23)	43 (26–63)	<0.01
BAL fluid features
Pepsin concentration ng·mL−1	35.4 (14.5–55.6)	46.8 (18.9–92.0)	0.15
Total cell count cells·mL−1	254 (140–380)	270 (150–380)	0.84
Neutrophils
%	6 (2–10)	13 (6–28)	0.02
Cells·mL−1	11 (6–23)	25 (8–63)
Lymphocytes
%	10 (7–18)	17 (6–32)	0.25
Cells·mL−1	23 (11–70)	26 (8–70)
Alveolar macrophages
%	73 (60–88)	52 (30–64)	<0.01
Cells·mL−1	176 (97–294)	134 (39–195)
Eosinophils
%	4 (1–9)	2 (0–7)	0.16
Cells·mL−1	7 (2–28)	5 (0–18)
Red blood cell count cells·mL−1	65 (10–230)	500 (180–1500)	<0.01

Data are presented as % (n) or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated. IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; CT: computed tomography.

^#: at the time of bronchoalveolar lavage.