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. 2017 Jul 26;7:6513. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06872-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Curcumin and Curcuma longa L. extract regulate ROS accumulation in acute and chronic CCl₄-models. Rats were intraperitoneally treated with CCl₄ (0.1 mL/100 g body weight) one time for 1 day or every other day for 4 weeks. Curcumin (200 mg/kg) or Curcuma longa L. extract (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) was given once daily. (a) Lipid peroxidation activity was measured in 1 day and 4 week CCl₄-treated rats. (b) DHE staining in the liver was measured in 1 day and 4 week CCl₄-treated rats. (c) Liver tissues from 1 day and 4 week CCl₄-treated rats were stained with 4-HNE, and (d) the staining intensity of 4-HNE-positive cells was calculated. (e) Lipid peroxidation activity was measured in the ER fractions from the liver tissues of CCl₄-treated rats. The experiments were repeated three times using tissues from at least three different rats. ^# P < 0.05, ^### P < 0.001 vs. the control group; ^* P < 0.01, ^** P < 0.05 vs. the CCl₄ group (n = 10 rats per group). Cur: curcumin, CL: Curcuma longa L.