Table 3.

Effect of P. polymyxa Sb3-1 VOCs on V. longisporum ELV 43 metabolism detected by LC-MS.

3 days of co-incubationa	Putative function	Regulationb
DL-Histidine*	Protein component	↓
DL-Proline*	Protein component	↓
DL-Glutamic acid*	Citric acid cycle/Protein component	↓
L-Isoleucyl-L-glutamic acid*	Protein breakdown product	↑
Cystathionine*	Cystein synthesis intermediate	↓
DL-Glutamine*	Protein component	↓
L-Saccharopine*	Lysine synthesis intermediate	↓
DL-2,6-Diaminopimelic acid	Cell wall component	↓
Pantothenic acid*	Vitamine	↓
6 days co-incubationa	Putative function	Regulation
Arabitol*	Sugar/response to cell stress	↑
L-Isoleucyl-L-glutamic acid	Protein breakdown product	↑
Methylglutaric acid*	n.a.	↑
Uridine*	RNA component	↑
N-Acetyl-L-Carnosine	Antioxidant	↓
Cystathionine*	Intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine	↓

^aOnly verified substances that were up- or down-regulated by V. longisporum ELV43 VOCs are shown.

^bArrow up (↑) symbolizes that the corresponding substance is upregulated, while arrow down (↓) symbolizes a down regulation. n.a. (not available) means that a putative function could not be found. Asterisk (

^*) symbolized that the up- or downregulation was statistically significant (p < 0.05).