Table 1.

Performances of recent research in leukocytes separation from whole blood using microfiltration.

Filtration Strategies and Filter Types*	Performance Metrics
	Leukocyte Separation Efficiency	Leukocyte Purity	RBC Depletion Rate	Throughput	Requirement for Blood dilution
Microfluidic Ratchet Current Study	98–99%	100%	100%	5 µL hour−1	No
Dead end; Pillar46	18–25%	—(<1%)	84–89%	15–50 µL min−1	Yes (1:2 in PBS)
Dead end; weir26	71%	~10% (210-fold enrichment)	n.d.	4000 cells s−1	Yes (1:10 in PBS)
Dead end; weir47	60%	n.d.	n.d.	3–15 µL hour−1	No
Dead end; pore27	>90%	n.d.	n.d.	Only process 1.5 µL whole blood	No
Dead end; pore23	72–85%	n.d.	n.d.	Only process 200 µL whole blood	No
Dead end; weir23	~70%	n.d.	n.d.	Only process <50 µL whole blood	No
Dead end; pillar23	70–95%	n.d.	n.d.	Only process 300 µL whole blood	No
Cross flow; weir29	98%	72%	n.d.	3.6 µL hour−1	Yes
Cross flow; pore31	27.4 ± 4.9%	93.5 ± 0.5%	n.d.	~17 µL min−1	No
Cross flow; pillar 30	90%	<1%	90%	10 µL min−1	No
Cross flow; weir30	20%	<1%	40%	10 µL min−1	Yes (1:100 in PBS)
Cross flow; pillar23	70–95%	n.d.	n.d.	20 µL min−1	No
Cross flow; pillar28	97%	<1%	50%	5 µL min−1	n.d.

n.d. Data not available.

*References in uppercase.