Table 3.
Bivariate ORs comparing patient characteristics at different HbA1c ranges
| Variable | Comparison | Moderate vs tight control: HbA1c 7%–8.5% vs. HbA1c <7% | Not controlled vs tight control: HbA1c>8.5% vs. HbA1c <7% | Not controlled vs moderate control: HbA1c >8.5% vs HbA1c 7%–8.5% | |||
| OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | ||
| Age range in years | 40–49 vs 80+ | 1.11 (0.92 to 1.35) | 0.3 | 3.35 (2.66 to 4.21) | <0.0001 | 3.03 (2.93 to 3.83) | <0.0001 |
| 50–59 vs 80+ | 1.20 (1.04 to 1.38) | 0.01 | 2.93 (2.43 to 3.54) | <0.0001 | 2.45 (2.02 to 2.97) | <0.0001 | |
| 60–69 vs 80+ | 1.14 (1.01 to 1.30) | 0.04 | 1.84 (1.54 to 2.21) | <0.0001 | 1.62 (1.35 to 1.95) | <0.0001 | |
| 70–79 vs 80+ | 1.18 (1.04 to 1.35) | 0.01 | 1.28 (1.05 to 1.55) | 0.02 | 1.08 (0.88 to 1.32) | 0.5 | |
| Number of comorbidities* | 0–1 vs 3+ | 1.48 (1.27 to 1.74) | <0.0001 | 1.64 (1.33 to 2.01) | <0.0001 | 1.10 (0.89 to 1.36) | 0.4 |
| 2–3 vs 3+ | 1.24 (1.08 to 1.43) | 0.002 | 1.3 (1.09 to 1.56) | 0.004 | 1.05 (0.87 to 1.27) | 0.6 | |
| Gender | Male vs female | 1.10 (1.05 to 1.16) | 0.0002 | 1.21 (1.13 to 1.29) | <0.0001 | 1.10 (1.02 to 1.18) | 0.01 |
| sBP >130 mm Hg | Yes vs no | 1.14 (1.08 to 1.21) | <0.0001 | 1.16 (1.08 to 1.24) | <0.0001 | 1.02 (0.94 to 1.1) | 0.7 |
| LDL >2 mmol/L | Yes vs no | 0.73 (0.69 to 0.77) | <0.0001 | 1.02 (0.95 to 1.1) | 0.5 | 1.41 (1.3 to 1.52) | <0.0001 |
| Urine ACR>2 | Yes vs no | 1.26 (1.17 to 1.36) | <0.0001 | 1.87 (1.7 to 2.05) | <0.0001 | 1.48 (1.34 to 1.63) | <0.0001 |
| BMI | Overweight vs normal/underweight | 1.17 (1.07 to 1.29) | 0.0009 | 1.01 (0.89 to 1.15) | 0.9 | 0.86 (0.75 to 1) | 0.04 |
| Obese vs normal/underweight | 1.34 (1.22 to 1.46) | <0.0001 | 1.5 (1.33 to 1.69) | <0.0001 | 1.13 (0.99 to 1.29) | 0.07 | |
| Number of primary care encounters | 6–16 vs 0–5 | 1.01 (0.93 to 1.09) | 0.8 | 0.80 (0.72 to 0.88) | <0.0001 | 0.79 (0.71 to 0.89) | <0.0001 |
| 17+ vs −0–5 | 1.13 (1.04 to 1.23) | 0.01 | 1.01 (0.91 to 1.12) | 0.9 | 0.89 (0.8 to 1) | 0.06 | |
| Number of medication classes prescribed† | 1 vs 0 | 1.6 (1.50 to 1.71) | <0.0001 | 1.03 (0.93 to 1.14) | 0.5 | 0.64 (0.58 to 0.71) | <0.0001 |
| 2 vs 0 | 3.06 (2.76 to 3.39) | <0.0001 | 2.81 (2.46 to 3.21) | <0.0001 | 0.92 (0.81 to 1.05) | 0.2 | |
| 3+ vs 0 | 5.36 (4.84 to 5.94) | <0.0001 | 8.85 (7.91 to 9.89) | <0.0001 | 1.65 (1.5 to 1.82) | <0.0001 | |
*Includes the CPCSSN validated comorbidities only (hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, osteoarthritis, dementia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease).
†A prescription for insulin automatically included a patient in group 3.
ACR, albumin to creatinine ratio; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; LDL, low density lipoprotein; sBP, systolic blood pressure.