Table 2.
Clinical and demographical population characteristics.
| Healthy (n = 16) | CKD 1–5 (n = 29) | CKD 5D (n = 34) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 38 (33–48) | 68 (58–77) | 67 (55–76) |
| Men, n (%) | 9 (56) | 19 (66) | 23 (68) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24 (22–26) | 30 (24–37)a | 24 (22–28)b |
| Smoking, n (%) | 2 (13) | 3 (10) | 6 (18) |
| Kidney disease, underlying cause, n (%) | None | ||
| Glomerulonephritis | 8 (28) | 5 (15) | |
| Hypertensive nephropathy | 3 (10) | 5 (15) | |
| Interstitial nephritis | 2 (7) | 4 (12) | |
| Diabetic nephropathy | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | |
| Hereditary kidney disease | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | |
| Other/unknown | 14 (48) | 16 (47) | |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | None | ||
| Hypertension | 28 (97) | 26 (76) | |
| Diabetes | 8 (28) | 8 (24) | |
| CVD | |||
| Myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease | 6 (21) | 10 (29) | |
| Heart failure | 8 (28) | 16 (47) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 4 (14) | 6 (18) | |
| Peripheral artery disease | 1 (3) | 9 (26) | |
| Medications | None | ||
| AT receptor antagonist, ACE inhibitor | 22 (76) | 16 (47) | |
| Beta blocker | 9 (31) | 15 (44) | |
| Calcium channel inhibitors | 13 (45) | 9 (26) | |
| Platelet aggregation inhibitor | 6 (21) | 6 (18) | |
| Diuretic | 19 (66) | 11 (32) | |
| Erythropoietin analog | 6 (21) | 29 (85) | |
| Coumarin derivatives | 5 (17) | 6 (18) | |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | n.d. | 28 (17–43) | n.a. |
| Time on dialysis, months | n.a. | n.a. | 22 (11–49) |
| CRP, mg/L | n.d. | 5.3 (2.3–10.8)c | 3.0 (1.4–10.5)d |
| Albumin, g/L | n.d. | 38 (35–41)e | 38 (36–40) |
Values are given as median (25%–75% percentile) or number (percentage). BMI: body mass index; AT: angiotensin; ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme; CRP: C-reactive protein; n.d.: not done; n.a.: not applicable. an = 27; bn = 33; cn = 28; dn = 33; en = 28.