Fig. 4.

(Upper) The same as in Fig. 1 but using first names instead of last names. (Lower) Ratio between observed and expected number of IPs vs. proportion of women for all years (national randomization). Some of the fields are highlighted for reference. Saturated colors mark significant results once accounted for multiple hypothesis testing. Agr, agriculture; Bio, biological sciences; Chem, chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences; CivEng, civil engineering and architecture; Econ, economics and statistics; Geo, geology and Earth sciences; Hum, philology, literature, archeology; IndEng, industrial, electronic, and electric engineering; Law, law; Math, mathematics and computer science; Med, medical sciences; Ped, pedagogy, psychology, history, philosophy; Phys, physics and astrophysics; Soc, social and political sciences.