Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and basic demographics of PD patients in the several groups
| Clinical features | Group A (n = 24) | Group B (n = 24) | Group C (n = 24) | Group D (n = 24) | Group E (n = 24) | Statistical analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silymarin | Silymarin + Ginkgo |
Silymarin + Ginkgo + vitamin E |
Silymarin + Ginkgo + vitamin E + propolis + bilberry + topical diclofenac |
Silymarin + Ginkgo + vitamin E + propolis + bilberry + topical diclofenac + pentoxifylline injection |
p-value | |
| Mean age (years), mean ± SD | 51.95 ± 9.80 | 51.79 ± 6.79 | 50.95 ± 12.20 | 51.81 ± 11.06 | 50.33 ± 11.53 |
p = 0.980 (ANOVA) |
| Time since PD onset (months), mean ± SD | 8.583 ± 2.394 | 8.708 ± 1.966 | 8.75 ± 2.558 | 8.5 ± 2.085 | 8.625 ± 1.929 |
p = 0.995 (ANOVA) |
| Plaque volume (cm3), mean ± SD | 0.393 ± 0.320 | 0.367 ± 0.319 | 0.382 ± 0.346 | 0.383 ± 0.387 | 0.404 ± 0.230 |
p = 0.996 (ANOVA) |
|
Cases with calcifications no. cases + % cases / total |
4 16.66 |
4 16.66 |
5 20.83 |
5 20.83 |
5 20.83 |
p = 0.988 (χ2 test) |
| Calcification volume (cm3), mean ± SD | 0.0297 ± 0.0235 | 0.0299 ± 0.0142 | 0.0285 ± 0.0158 | 0.0321 ± 0.0218 | 0.0364 ± 0.0167 |
p = 0.967 (ANOVA) |
|
Associated ED no. cases + % cases / total |
7 29.16 |
8 33.33 |
7 29.16 |
8 33.33 |
9 37.5 |
p = 0.970 (χ2 test) |
| Erectile function index of patients with ED, mean score ± SD | 22.42 ± 2.37 | 21.37 ± 5.20 | 22.57 ± 3.40 | 22.75 ± 2.54 | 22.44 ± 2.78 |
p = 0.937 (ANOVA) |
|
Associated penile pain no. cases + % cases / total |
11 45.83 |
12 50.0 |
11 45.83 |
13 54.16 |
13 54.16 |
p = 0.955 (χ2 test) |
| Penile pain intensity (PI-NRS), mean score ± SD | 4.27 ± 1.61 | 4.33 ± 2.18 | 4.72 ± 1.79 | 5.0 ± 2.309 | 4.69 ± 1.79 |
p = 0.887 (ANOVA) |
|
Objective penile curvature no. cases + % cases / total |
20 83.33 |
19 79.16 |
19 79.16 |
21 87.5 |
21 87.5 |
p = 0.878 (χ2 test) |
| Angle of penile curvature, mean degrees ± SD | 24.750° ± 11.177 | 25.263° ± 9.785 | 25.368° ± 12.419 | 26.714° ± 11.415 | 25.238° ± 12.497 |
p = 0.987 (ANOVA) |
|
PDQ score (PD symptom bother/psychosexual impact), mean score ± SD |
7.70 ± 3.64 | 7.91 ± 3.72 | 8.04 ± 3.88 | 7.87 ± 3.83 | 7.95 ± 3.41 |
p = 0.999 (ANOVA) |
| Comorbidity and potential risk factors | (n) | (n) | (n) | (n) | (n) |
p-value (χ2 test) |
| Hypertension | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | p = 0.894 |
| Dyslipidemia | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | p = 0.981 |
| Diabetes | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | p = 0.937 |
| Obesity | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | p = 0.923 |
| Chronic prostatitis | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | p = 0.889 |
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | p = 0.937 |
| Cigarette smoking | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | p = 0.895 |
Abbreviations: ED, erectile dysfunction; SD, standard deviation; PD, Peyronie’s disease: PI-NRS, pain intensity numeric rating scale; PDQ, Peyronie’s disease questionnaire.