Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| Healthy controls (n = 28) | Patients with neovascular AMD (n = 29) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 77.2 (6.6) | 79.4 (6.1) | 0.192 |
| Females, n (%) | 12 (43) | 20 (69) | 0.047 |
| Co-morbidities | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 13 (46) | 14 (48) | 0.889 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 9 (32) | 10 (34) | 0.851 |
| Cardiovascular diseases, n (%) | 12 (43) | 10 (34) | 0.516 |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 2 (7) | 2 (7) | 1.000 |
| Lifestyle factors | |||
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 25.8 (4.7) | 26.7 (5.2) | 0.506 |
| Physically active, n (%) | 6 (21) | 9 (31) | 0.410 |
| Alcohol consumption, median (IQR) | 7 (2 to 10) | 3 (1 to 9) | 0.126 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.889 | ||
| Previous smoker | 15 (54) | 15 (52) | |
| Non-smoker | 13 (46) | 14 (48) | |
| Blood measures | |||
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 0.029 | ||
| < 2.9 mg/L | 23 (82) | 16 (55) | |
| 2.9–14.9 mg/L | 5 (18) | 13 (45) | |
| White blood cell count, 109 cells/L, mean (SD) | 5.9 (1.2) | 6.4 (1.6) | 0.212 |
| Lymphocytes, mean (SD) | |||
| % | 29 (8) | 28 (9) | 0.892 |
| 109 cells/L | 1.7 (0.5) | 1.8 (0.6) | 0.654 |
| Monocytes, mean (SD) | |||
| % | 7 (2) | 6 (3) | 0.457 |
| 109 cells/L | 0.4 (0.1) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.678 |
| Neutrophils, mean (SD) | |||
| % | 64 (8) | 65 (11) | 0.618 |
| 109 cells/L | 3.8 (1.0) | 4.3 (1.5) | 0.198 |
| Neutrophils-to-lymphocytes, mean (SD) | 2.52 (1.03) | 2.80 (1.51) | 0.422 |
Parametric continuous variables are presented using mean and standard deviation (SD) and tested using the independent samples t-test. Non-parametric continuous variables are presented using median and interquartile range (IQR) and tested using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables are presented using numbers (n) and percentages (%) and tested using the χ2-test, but due to very small numbers is co-morbidity of type 2 diabetes tested using the Fisher’s Exact test