(A) Median viremia changes relative to baseline levels were determined as indicated after 4, 8, and 12 days upon multiple injections of mRNA HBV s183–TCR T cells (n = 3), mRNA c18-TCR T cells (n = 3), and mRNA mock TCR T cells (n = 3) as well as in untreated controls (n = 6). (B) Individual reduction (shown as percentages) of viremia relative to baseline levels determined on days 4, 8, and 12 upon transfer of mRNA s183–191 T cells and mRNA c18 T cells. Transcriptional changes of human T cell response–related genes (C, GZMB; E, IFNG) were measured by qRT-PCR and normalized against human housekeeping transcripts. (D) ALT levels were determined in uninfected (n = 3) and HBV-infected mice receiving multiple injections of effector T cells presenting s183 (n = 3), c18 (n = 3), or HCV NS3 as mock control (n = 3) in comparison with HBV-infected control mice (n = 6). (F) Median changes in human IFN-γ serum protein levels were determined by multiplex measurement in HBV-infected (s183 median = 1280 ng/ml or c18 median = 160 ng/ml) as well as uninfected (s183 median = 3.6 ng/ml) mice that received 3 injections of HBV-specific effector T cells relative to HBV-infected control mice (n = 4; median = 0.53 ng/ml).