Table 5. Mycotoxin profile of stored winter wheat grain, debris and clumps samples collected from 6 OTA positive bins from 2011–2014 in Southwestern Ontario.
Control point | Sample1 | OTA (ng/g) | OTB (ng/g) | citrinin (ng/g) | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
type | n | (%)2 | mean3 | SE4 | T5 | Pr>F6 | 7 | (%)2 | mean3 | SE4 | t5 | Pr>F6 | 7 | (%)2 | mean3 | SE4 | t5 | Pr>F6 | 7 | |
Manhole | Clumps | 5 | (100) | 370.3 | 198.1 | 7.2 | < .0001 | A | (80) | 47.6 | 22.1 | 4.6 | 0.0001 | A | (100) | 50.6 | 32.3 | 7.3 | < .0001 | A |
Wall/floor | Debris | 6 | (100) | 80.0 | 34.0 | 5.7 | < .0001 | AB | (50) | 18.5 | 12.2 | 3.0 | 0.0065 | AB | (100) | 14.9 | 4.6 | 7.2 | < .0001 | AB |
Auger | Debris | 5 | (100) | 59.7 | 30.7 | 5.0 | < .0001 | AB | (100) | 11.6 | 6.1 | 3.0 | 0.0062 | AB | (100) | 18.6 | 8.6 | 6.2 | < .0001 | AB |
Side door | Clumps | 4 | (100) | 46.3 | 19.0 | 4.9 | < .0001 | AB | (75) | 4.8 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 0.0475 | AB | (100) | 8.9 | 1.3 | 5.6 | < .0001 | AB |
Untouched Surface | Grain8 | 6 | (67) | 15.9 | 8.0 | 2.9 | 0.007 | BC | (33) | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.4556 | AB | (50) | 5.4 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 0.0022 | BC |
First/last loads | Grain | 7 | (29) | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.514 | C | (29) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.7879 | B | (29) | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.4739 | C |
Disturbed surface/ intermediate loads | Grain | 4 | (0) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.818 | C | (0) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.7625 | B | (0) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.4381 | C |
Variance components | Dfn | Dfd | F | Pr>F | F | Pr>F | F | Pr>F | ||||||||||||
Control point | 6 | 24 | 8.36 | < .0001 | 3.33 | 0.0157 | 9.85 | < .0001 | ||||||||||||
Farm | 5 | 24 | 0.36 | 0.8949 | 0.7 | 0.6495 | 0.8 | 0.578 |
1Samples types: grain clump samples found near manhole opening and door frames, debris and old grain found in augers, on floor and on walls; and grain collected from different areas in the bin.
2percentage of positive samples (LOD:0.3 ng/g);
3mean and
4standard error of untransformed data;
5t value and
6values for the type III error statistics were calculated using ln(X+1) transformation;
7Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons test (P<0.05), rows with the same letter are not significantly different.
8one clump was found on the bulk surface.