Table 2. Characteristics of included articles.
| Authors, year | Type of review | Database searched | Primary studies | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airway assessed | Included studies | Participants | Patients | Interventions (Number of studies) |
Outcome measures | Maximum follow-up period Range | |||||||
| Studies with mandibular advancement /Total number of primary studies | Type | Total number (Range) |
M/F | Age (Range of mean) years old |
Airway parameters (Measurement methods) |
Respiratory parameters | |||||||
| Alsufyani et al, 2013[9] | SR | Medline, EBM#, Scopus | OP; partial NP |
4/7 | 1 CS; 3 CR |
7 (1–4) |
4/3 | Mean: 43 | SDB/ OSAS | MMA(4) | Total volume, MCS area, linear, total pressure drop, airway resistance (CBCT) |
AHI, Sleep Q Epworth sleepiness scale |
7 weeks-6 months (NR: 1 study) |
| Caples et al, 2010[10] | MA | (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Current Contents, Cochrane CENTRAL through Ovid) | NR | 9/70 | 9 O | 234 (NR) |
9:1 (ratio) | 43.9 (41–48) |
OSA | MMA (9) | NR | AHI | NR |
| Christovam et al, 2016[11] | MA | Cochrane library, Medline, Scopus, VHL, Web of Science, Open-Grey. | UA | 11/27 | 9 R; 2 P |
252 (9–102) |
102/112 (NR:2 studies) |
22–44.6 | NR | MMA (9); MdA (1); MMA/MdA (1) |
Cross-sectional area and volume (10 CBCT/CT; 1 MRI) |
NR | 5 weeks-1 year (NR: 1 study) |
| Elshauget al, 2007[12] | MA | Medline | NR | 4/18 | 4 CS | 38 (5–15) |
NR | NR | OSA | MMA (3) MMA/MdA (1) |
NR | AHI | NR |
| Hsieh and Liao, 2013[14] | SR | PubMed | PAS | 15/15 | 15 CS (2P, 13R) |
376 (11–50) |
219/ 157 |
33–51 | OSA | MMA (15) | Linear (posterior airway space, airway length); Vertical hyoid position (CT and ceph) |
AHI, RDI, LSAT |
6 weeks– 21.8 months |
| Holty and Guilleminault, 2010[13] | MA | Medline | PAS | 59/59 | CS; CR |
957 (1–175) |
836/ 121 |
Mean: 44.4±9.4 | OSA | MMA (59) | PAS (Ceph) |
AHI, SpO2 nadir |
3–7.7 months |
| Knudsen et al, 2015[15] | MA | PubMed, Cochrane | PAS | 4/4 | NR | 115 (17–40) |
NR | NR | OSA | MMA (4) | NR | AHI, LSAT | NR |
| Mattos et al, 2011[16] | MA | VHL, Scirus, Ovid, SIGLE. | OP | 5 β/22 | 4 R 1P |
135 (12–58) |
40/83 (NR:1 study) |
21–36.3 (NR:1 study) |
NR | MdA(3); MMA(2) |
Linear (Ceph) |
NR | 6 weeks– 12 years |
| Rosario et al, 2016[3] | MA | PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, SciELO |
UA | 7 α/7 | CCT | 103 (10–25) |
47/46 (NR:1 study) |
22–42.75 (NR:1 study) |
OSA (4); Others (3) |
MMA (7) | Volume (CT) |
AHI | 2–49 months (NR: 1 study) |
| Pirklbauer et al, 2011[17] | SR | PubMed | NR | 28/28 | 1 RCT 5 Co 22 CS/CR |
917 (3–175) |
561/87 (NR: 269 patients) |
41.0–50.3 | OSA | MMA (28) | NR | AHI, RDI |
2–12 months (NR: 1 study) |
| Zaghi et al, 2016[18] | δMA | Cochrane library, Scopus, Web of Science, Medline | PAS | 45/45 | 1 RCT (NR: 44 studies) |
518 (1–35) |
282/57 (NR: 179 patients) |
Mean: 45.3 ±10 | OSA |
MMA (45) |
Linear (Ceph) |
AHI, RDI |
2–6 months |
# EBM = All evidence-based medicine reviews (EBM), including Cochrane Database
α Only 6 studies included in the meta-analysis (One study did not report absolute value for average on difference)
δ Meta-analysis was only performed on respiratory parameters only
Abbreviations: SR = systematic review; MA = meta-analysis; NP = nasopharyngeal, OP = oropharyngeal, HP = hypopharyngeal, UA = upper airways, PAS = Posterior airway space; R = Retrospective study; O = Observational, P = Prospective study; CCT = Case controlled trials; Co = Cohort study, CS = Case series; CR = Case report; SDB = Sleep disordered breathing; OSAS = obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; MdA = Mandibular advancement, MMA = Maxillomandibular advancement; MCS area = Minimum cross-sectional area; Ceph = Cephalometric; CT = Computed tomography; CBCT = Cone-beam computed tomography; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; AHI = Apnea-hypopnea index; RDI = respiratory disturbance index; SpO2nadir = lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation measured during sleep; LSAT = lowest oxygen saturation, NR = not reported