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. 2017 Jul 27;12(7):e0181146. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181146

Table 6. Summary from primary studies of isolated mandibular advancement osteotomies#.

Primary studies Paticipants
(M:F)		 Mean Age
(Range)
years old 		Maximum follow-up period Imaging method Main findings
Archilleos et al., 2000[1] 20(20:-) 26.27(17.33–43.58) PO 3 years Ceph

  • PO 6 months: Significant larger PA (sagittal dimension) at the level of OP (p<0.05) and tongue base (p<0.01)

  • PO 3 years: Significant wider minimum dimension of PA (P<0.05)

  • Long term (3 years) widening of minimal PA space
Eggensperger et al.,2005[4] 15(4:11) 21(17–31) PO 12 years Ceph

  • Immediate PO: increased of UP and LP size

  • PO 1 year: MP smaller than pre-op

  • PO 12 years: both UPA and MPA significantly (p<0.05) smaller than pre-op; LPA returned to pre-op value

  • Mandibular advancement surgery alone did not increase pharyngeal airway in long term (12 years)
Hernandez-Alfaro et al., 2011[2] 10 * Mean:PO121.4 days CBCT

  • Average PA space volume increase of 78.3% (range: 0.9–167.6%)

  • Mandibular advancement will enlarge PA space volume
Kochel et al., 2013 102(27:75) 31.8 PO 5 weeks CBCT
  • PO 5 weeks: Significant increased (p<0.001)
    • at posterior NP (12.5%), upper OP (38.8%) and lower OP (45.6%)
    • of cross-sectional area at the level of soft palate (48.5%), hard palate (14.6%), epiglottis tip (21.6%) and minimum cross-sectional area (46.9%)
    • of diameters in both sagittal and transversal planes
Turnbull et al., 2000 8 * PO 6 weeks Ceph

  • Unable to draw isolated finding for mandibular advancement procedures only as all results were analyzed based on mandibular ± maxillary advancement procedures in this review.

# All isolated mandibular advancement osteotomies here were bilateral sagittal split osteotomies (BSSO).

* Unable to be determined asthe study also involve other groups with different surgical procedures.

Abbreviations: M = male; F = female; Ceph = cephalometric; CBCT = con beam computed tomography; PA = pharyngeal airway; OP = oropharyngx; NP = nasopharynx; UPA = upper pharyngeal airway; MPA = middle pharyngeal airway; LPA = lower pharyngeal airway; pre-op = pre-operative; PO = post-operative.