Table 1. Characterization of synthetic and natural AMPs and their effects on cell viability and LPS-induced NO generation in RAW 264.7 cells.
| Group a | Peptide | Amino Acid Sequence | Parameters | Mr | LC50 c | ED50 d | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q | θ | H | MH | Estimated | Experimental | (μM) | (μM) | |||
| Q | GW-Q3 | GANLAKKFYTYINKFINYAW | +3 | 140o | -0.043 | 0.343 | 2425.81 | 2426.00 | >8 | 7 |
| GW-Q4 | GANAAKKFATIAKKFINYLW | +4 | 140 o | -0.043 | 0.344 | 2255.69 | 2256.26 | >8 | >8 | |
| GW-Q5 | GANALKKYFTILKKFFKLAW | +5 | 140 o | -0.044 | 0.343 | 2387.94 | 2388.80 | 8 | 2 | |
| GW-Q6 | GIKIAKKAITIAKKIAKIYW | +6 | 140 o | -0.044 | 0.343 | 2257.88 | 2258.00 | >8 | 4 | |
| θ | GW-A1 | GAKYAKYIYNFYKYIAKYIW | +4 | 100 o | -0.042 | 0.343 | 2567.03 | 2567.60 | >8 | >8 |
| GW-A2 | GAKYAKIIYNYLKKIANALW | +4 | 120 o | -0.042 | 0.344 | 2341.82 | 2341.60 | 11 | 2 | |
| GW-A4 | GAKALTKAATAFTKFYKTIW | +4 | 160 o | -0.042 | 0.345 | 2217.64 | 2218.40 | >8 | 4 | |
| GW-A5 | GATYAKKIIKTITKIATTAW | +4 | 180 o | -0.042 | 0.344 | 2179.63 | 2180.54 | >8 | >8 | |
| H | GW-H0 | GYKYYNKIYNYLNKYLKYAW | +4 | 140 o | -0.181 | 0.345 | 2669.08 | 2669.01 | >8 | 5 |
| GW-H1 | GYNYAKKLANLAKKFANALW | +4 | 140 o | -0.115 | 0.344 | 2284.69 | 2284.80 | >8 | >8 | |
| GW-H3 | GLTFLKKILNFAKKIYTAIW | +4 | 140 o | 0.033 | 0.343 | 2368.93 | 2368.80 | >8 | 4 | |
| MH | GW-M1 | GANAAKKLATFAKKIFTAYW | +4 | 140 o | -0.044 | 0.291 | 2200.61 | 2200.66 | >8 | 4 |
| GW-M3 | GANAAKKFANLIKKIFNYIW | +4 | 140 o | -0.042 | 0.400 | 2310.77 | 2310.94 | >8 | 2 | |
| GW-M4 | GYKYINNIIKYINKFFKYIW | +4 | 140 o | -0.042 | 0.451 | 2629.14 | 2629.06 | 7 | 2 | |
| Natural | M2a | GIGKFLHSAKKWGKAFVGEIMNS | +4 | 140 o | -0.046 | 0.325 | 2505.96 | 2506.26 | 5 | >8 |
| AMPs b | Ple | GWGSFFKKAAHVGKHVGKAALTHYL | +4 | 140 o | -0.026 | 0.287 | 2711.17 | 2711.46 | >8 | >8 |
a AMPs were designed based on four major structural parameters: charge (Q), polar angle (θ), hydrophobicity (H), and hydrophobic moment (MH).
b M2a, Magainin 2a from frog. Ple, Pleurocidin from winter flounder.
c LC50, lethal concentration of AMPs that kills 50% of RAW264.7 cells. The data are expressed as the mean values from triplicate wells from at least three experiments.
d ED50, effective dose of AMPs that inhibits 50% of LPS-induced NO generation in RAW264.7 cells. The data are expressed as the mean values from triplicate wells from at least three experiments.