Table 1.
Characteristics of all HIV-infected individuals and HIV-infected individuals with CM including data on treatment
| Characteristics/treatment | HIV-infected individuals | CM individuals |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| All (n=6351) | (n=40) | |
| Age at HIV/CM diagnosis, median (IQR), years | 35.0 (28.5–43.1) | 38.0 (32.3–44.3) |
| Total PYR | 66,548 | 63 |
| Emigrated during study period | 138 (2) | 2 (5) |
| Died during study period | 1115 (18) | 21 (53) |
| Male | 4829 (76) | 29 (73) |
| Caucasian | 4970 (78) | 25 (63) |
| Country of birth | ||
| Denmark | 4398 (69) | 23 (58) |
| Europe | 462 (7) | 2 (5) |
| Africa | 864 (14) | 10 (25) |
| Asia | 332 (5) | 5 (13) |
| Other/Unknown | 257 (4) | 0 (0) |
| Route of transmission | ||
| MSM | 2952 (46) | 16 (40) |
| Heterosexual | 2371 (37) | 21 (53) |
| Injection drug use | 611 (10) | 1 (3) |
| Other/Unknown | 370 (6) | 2 (5) |
| Diagnosed with HIV before 1995 | 2015 (32) | 15 (38) |
| HIV RNA level at HIV/CM diagnosis, median (IQR), log10 copies/mL | 4.8 (4.13–5.4) | 4.8 (3.0–5.4) |
| CD4+ cell count at HIV/CM diagnosis, median (IQR), cells/µL | 310 (113–514) | 26 (10–50) |
| CD4+ cell count <200 cells/µL at CM diagnosis | – | 40 (100) |
| AIDS diagnosis before CM diagnosis | – | 13 (33) |
| HIV diagnosis before CM diagnosis | – | 27 (68) |
| HIV diagnosis at the time of CM diagnosis | – | 13 (33) |
| Interval between HIV diagnosis and CM, median (IQR), years | – | 2.24 (0.02–6.55) |
| Treatment of individuals with CMa | ||
| Amphotericin B | – | 32 (86) |
| Fluconazole | – | 15 (40) |
| Voriconazole | – | 1 (3) |
| Flucytosine | – | 24 (65) |
| Itraconazole | – | 1 (3) |
| Steroids | – | 6 (16) |
| HAART | – | 30 (75) |
| Maintenance therapy with fluconazole | – | 30 (81) |
| Years on fluconazole prophylaxis, median (IQR) years | – | 1.94 (0.50–4.55) |
| Reason for stopping antifungal prophylaxisb | ||
| Immunological restoration | – | 10 (27) |
| Other reason | – | 3 (8) |
| Death | – | 11 (30) |
| Emigration | – | 1 (3) |
Note: Data presented as n (%) of individuals, unless otherwise indicated.
a
Data on 37 individuals.
b
Three individuals were still treated with antifungal prophylaxis when the study ended.
Abbreviations: CM, cryptococcal meningitis; IQR, interquartile range; PYR, person-years at risk; MSM, men who have sex with men; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy.