Fig 2. A sliding window procedure of the DUDE-Seq with the context size k = 3.

During the first pass, DUDE-Seq updates the m(zⁿ, l³, r³) for the encountered double-sided contexts (l³, r³). Then, for the second pass, DUDE-Seq uses the obtained m(zⁿ, l³, r³) and Eq (2) for the denoising.