Table 1.
Basic demographics of study population.
| MSIMI status | Total | No MSIMI | MSIMI | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 660 | 554 | 106 | |
| Age, years | 62.9 ± 9.1 | 63 ± 9.1 | 62.6 ± 9.2 | 0.67 |
| Male, % | 73 | 72 | 76 | 0.35 |
| African American, % | 30 | 29 | 36 | 0.18 |
| BMI, Kg/m2 | 29.6 ± 5.2 | 29.5 ± 5.2 | 30.3 ± 5.4 | 0.19 |
| Smoking, % | 59 | 58 | 63 | 0.33 |
| Depression, % | 26 | 28 | 20 | 0.11 |
| Diabetes, % | 32 | 31 | 39 | 0.13 |
| Hypertension, % | 76 | 75 | 78 | 0.51 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 81 | 81 | 82 | 0.84 |
| Myocardial infarction, % | 37 | 36 | 43 | 0.20 |
| Heart Failure, % | 14 | 14 | 15 | 0.78 |
| Ejection fraction, % | 68.5 ± 13.7 | 69.1 ± 13.5 | 65.4 ± 13.9 | 0.01 |
| CSIMI, % | 35 | 27 | 74 | <0.001 |
| Medications | ||||
| Aspirin, % | 87 | 87 | 86 | 0.83 |
| Beta Blocker, % | 74 | 74 | 76 | 0.75 |
| ACE Inhibitors, % | 45 | 44 | 53 | 0.09 |
| Anti-Depressant, % | 23 | 23 | 19 | 0.33 |
| Statins, % | 85 | 85 | 86 | 0.86 |
| Resting hemodynamics | ||||
| SBP, mmHg | 135 ± 18 | 135 ± 18 | 136 ± 17 | 0.67 |
| DBP, mmHg | 79 ± 10 | 79 ± 10 | 79 ± 10 | 0.98 |
| HR, beat/min | 63 ± 11 | 63 ± 11 | 65 ± 13 | 0.03 |
| RPP, beat x mmHg/min | 8586 ± 1945 | 8528 ± 1926 | 8892 ± 2025 | 0.08 |
| Catecholamines | ||||
| Epinephrine, pg/mL | 18.4 ± 2.4 | 18.6 ± 2.3 | 17.7 ± 2.4 | 0.66 |
| Vascular function | ||||
| RHI | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 0.56 |
| Brachial Artery Diameter, mm | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 0.27 |
| Absolute FMD, mm | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.26 |
| FMD% | 4.6 ± 3.6 | 4.6 ± 4.0 | 4.9 ± 9.5 | 0.39 |
| Allometrically-scaled FMD | 4.6 ± 3.6 | 4.6 ± 4.0 | 4.9 ± 9.5 | 0.39 |
| Hyperemic VTI, cm | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 0.53 |
| PWV, m/s | 8.1 ± 2.1 | 8.1 ± 2.2 | 8.0 ± 2.0 | 0.71 |
| PAT ratio† | 0.72 ± 0.33 | 0.74 ± 0.35 | 0.63 ± 0.29 | 0.01 |
p values were derived from chi square and t tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.
PAT ratio was calculated as the ratio of lowest pulse wave amplitude during the speech to the average pulse wave amplitude during the last 3 minutes of rest prior to mental stress test.
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index. CSIMI: Conventional (exercise/pharmacological) stress induced myocardial ischemia. ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme. SBP: Systolic blood pressure. DBP: Diastolic blood pressure. HT: Heart rate. RPP: rate pressure product (SBP x HR). RHI = reactive hyperemia index, PWV = pulse wave velocity, FMD = brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, VTI = volume time integral during brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. PAT: peripheral arterial tonometry.