Table 3.
Descriptive Statistics for Moderator Variables Included in Major Depression Meta-analysis and Depression Symptom Meta-analysis
| Major Depression | Depression Symptoms | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Moderators | Frequency (%) or M(SD) | Frequency (%) or M(SD) | |
| Age+ | 44.81 (18.40) Range: 12–85 |
42.69 (22.97) Range: 8–92 |
|
| Nationality | |||
| US/ Canadian | 137 (46%) | 88 (21%) | |
| European | 58 (19%) | 219 (53%) | |
| Asian | 28 (12%) | 61 (15%) | |
| African | 35 (8%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Australian/ New Zealander | 18 (7%) | 9 (2%) | |
| Central/ South American | 12 (4%) | 24 (6%) | |
| Russian | 8 (3%) | 8 (2%) | |
| Middle Eastern | 5 (2%) | 4 (1%) | |
| GDP | |||
| High-income | 223 (74%) | 330 (80%) | |
| Low- to middle- income | 77 (26%) | 83 (20%) | |
| Ethnicity (U.S.) | |||
| Mixed | 79 (89%) | 66 (76%) | |
| African Americans | 4 (4%) | 7 (8%) | |
| European Americans | 2 (2%) | 6 (7%) | |
| Hispanic Americans | 2 (2%) | 8 (9%) | |
| Native Americans | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Asian Americans | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Year of data collection | 2004.53 (5.52) Range: 1991–2014 |
2004.70 (7.25) Range: 1978–2014 |
|
| Data source | |||
| Unpublished data | 167 (56%) | 337 (86%) | |
| Published data | 133 (44%) | 56 (14%) | |
| Focus of article | |||
| Depression | 210 (70%) | 233 (56%) | |
| Other | 62 (21%) | 61 (15%) | |
| Gender | 28 (9%) | 119 (29%) | |
| Type of Assessment | |||
| Diagnostic Interview | Symptom Measure | ||
| WMH-CIDI | 135 (45%) | CES-D | 198 (48%) |
| CIDI (not WMH- or -SF) | 47 (16%) | BDI | 49 (12%) |
| 2002 World Health Survey | 46 (15%) | SCL-D | 36 (9%) |
| CIDI-SF | 31 (10%) | PHQ-9 | 28 (7%) |
| AUDADIS | 12 (4%) | DASS-D | 11 (3%) |
| MINI | 10 (4%) | EURO-D | 11 (3%) |
| DISC-IV | 5 (3%) | HADS-D  | 11 (3%) |
| CIS-R | 4 (1%) | MHI-D | 11 (3%) |
| DIS | 4 (1%) | CDI | 10 (2%) |
| NSA interview | 3 (1%) | GDS | 10 (2%) |
| DAWBA | 2 (1%) | Other | 8 (2%) |
| SADS | 1 (<1%) | RADS | 8 (2%) |
| DEPS | 6 (2%) | ||
| DTS | 5 (1%) | ||
| DMI | 4(1%) | ||
| MDI | 2(1%) | ||
| ADMSS | 1 (<1%) | ||
| ADRS | 1 (<1%) | ||
| GHQ-D | 1 (<1%) | ||
| HDL-D | 1 (<1%) | ||
| HSCL-D | 1 (<1%) | ||
| Manual | |||
| DSM-IV/ DSM- IV-TR | 265 (88%) | ||
| DSM-III/ DSM- III-R | 18 (6%) | ||
| ICD-10 | 17 (6%) | ||
| Type | |||
| Depressive Episode | 215 (72%) | ||
| Major Depressive Disorder | 85 (28%) | ||
| Time span | |||
| 12 months | 263 (88%) | ||
| Lifetime | 23 (8%) | ||
| 6 months | 9 (3%) | ||
| 1 month | 4 (1%) | ||
| Current | 1 (<1%) | ||
Note. MDE = major depressive episode (also includes ICD-10 depressive episode). MDD = major depressive disorder. Descriptive statistics for major depression meta-analysis reflect all 300 effect sizes, except for U.S. ethnicity (90 effect sizes). Descriptive statistics for depression symptom meta-analysis reflect all 413 effect sizes, except for U.S. ethnicity (87 effect sizes).