Table 1. Demographic characteristics of and comorbidities in patients with and without ED in Taiwan from 2004 to 2010 (n=15,765).
| Variable | ED (n=3,153) | Non–ED (n=12,612) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age (years), mean±SD | 56.7±9.8 | 53.4±10.5 | <0.006 |
| Follow–up duration (years), mean±SD | 5.07±1.77 | 6.83±0.70 | <0.0001 |
| CCIS | <0.0001 | ||
| 0 or 1 | 2,607 (82.7) | 11,813 (93.7) | |
| 2 or 3 | 463 (14.7) | 675 (5.3) | |
| >3 | 83 (2.6) | 124 (1.0) | |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Diabetes | 634 (20.1) | 837 (6.6) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 1,051 (33.3) | 1,924 (15.3) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 578 (18.3) | 734 (5.8) | <0.0001 |
| Anxiety | 351 (11.1) | 437 (3.5) | <0.0001 |
| Depression | 140 (4.4) | 136 (1.1) | <0.0001 |
| Alcoholism | 8 (0.3) | 20 (0.2) | 0.256 |
| Obesity | 11 (0.3) | 7 (0.1) | <0.0001 |
| Bipolar disorder | 34 (1.1) | 33 (0.3) | <0.0001 |
| Schizophrenia | 22 (0.7) | 54 (0.4) | 0.051 |
| Constipation | 140 (4.4) | 183 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| RBD | 408 (12.9) | 498 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| Hyposomnia | 355 (11.3) | 464 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| Drugs causing parkinsonism | 2,256 (71.6) | 6,629 (52.6) | <0.0001 |
| Antipsychotic medications | 2,175 (69.0) | 5,857 (46.4) | <0.0001 |
| Insurance premium | <0.0001 | ||
| <17,500 NTD/month | 884 (28.0) | 2,856 (30.6) | |
| 17,500–25,000 NTD/month | 883 (28.0) | 4,334 (34.4) | |
| >25,000 NTD/month | 1,386 (44.0) | 4,422 (35.0) | |
| Residence area | <0.0001 | ||
| Urban | 1,085 (34.4) | 3,791 (30.1) | |
| Suburban | 1,461 (46.3) | 5,774 (45.8) | |
| Rural | 607 (19.3) | 3,047 (24.2) | |
| Geographic region | <0.0001 | ||
| Northern/central | 2,302 (73.0) | 8,505 (67.4) | |
| Southern/eastern | 851 (27.0) | 4,107 (32.6) |
CCIS: Charlson Comorbidity Index Score, ED: erectile dysfunction, NTD: New Taiwan Dollar, RBD: rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.