Table 5.

List of the two Fukuyoa and 42 Gambierdiscus strains examined in this study along with their species designation, geographical origin, culture collection of origin, culture conditions, number of cells extracted for toxin analysis and the references where the strains have been previously cited. CCFHR: National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Fisheries Habit Research (CCFHR), Beaufort, NC, USA; CCVIEO: Culture Collection of Harmful Microalgae of IEO (CCVIEO), Centro de Vigo, Vigo, Spain; IRTA: Investigación y tecnología agroalimentarias, Department of Agriculture, Government of Catalonia, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain; KU: Kochi University (KU), Kochi, Japan; NCMA: Provasoli—Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA), Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine, USA; UNIRIO: Rio de Janeiro State, Federal University (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; VNIO: Viet Nam National Institute of Oceanography (VNIO, VAST), Vinh Nguyen, Nha Trang, Viet Nam.

Species/Phylotype	Strain	Geographical Origin	Culture Collection	Culture Conditions	Number of Cells Extracted	Reference
F. ruetzleri	Gam1	Southwater Cay, Belize	CCFHR	CCFHR	215,190	[57,68]
	WH55-Gam4	Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (West Bank), Northwestern Gulf of Mexico, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	128,800	[75]
G. australes	CCMP1653 (NOAA 24) (T39)	Tern Island, Hawaii, United States of America	NCMA	PHYC	416,220	[58,86]
	S080911_1	Kutsu, Susaki, Kochi, Japan	KU	PHYC	798,285	[87]
	VGO1178	Punta Hidalgo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain	CCVIEO	PHYC	260,388	[62,69]
	VGO1181	Punta Hidalgo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain	CCVIEO	PHYC	288,608	[69]
G. balechii	VGO917	Manado, Celebes Sea, Indonesia	CCVIEO	PHYC	384,650	[60,88]
	VGO920	Manado, Celebes Sea, Indonesia	CCVIEO	PHYC	317,600	[60]
G. belizeanus	CCMP399 (NOAA2) (SB03)	St. Barthélemy Island, Caribbean, Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy	NCMA	PHYC	182,495	[57,58]
	Keys Gam1	Florida Keys, Florida, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	82,125	[68]
	ST1-F4	St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	103,300	[68]
G. caribaeus	CCMP1733 (NOAA11)	Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, Caribbean, United States of America	NCMA	PHYC	282,450	[58]
	Bill Hi Gam8	Waikiki Beach, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	110,600	[69]
	CCMP1651 (NOAA20)	Grand Cayman Island, Caribbean, Territory of United Kingdom	NCMA	CCFHR	62,300	[58]
	Dive 1 fa Gam1	Ft. Pierce, Florida, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	378,000	[68]
	Mexico Algae1 Gam1	Cancun, Mexico	CCFHR	CCFHR	123,395	[68]
G. carolinianus	ETB Exp28 Gam10	Dry Tortugas, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	61,005	[68]
	Greece Gam2	Crete, Greece	CCFHR	CCFHR	82,775	[69]
	RROV5	Puerto Rico, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	116,985	[68]
G. carpenteri	GT4	Carrie Bow Cay, Belize	CCFHR	CCFHR	88,000	[57,68]
	Jamaica Algae2 Gam1	Ocho Rios, Jamaica	CCFHR	CCFHR	98,250	[68]
	Pat Hi Jar7 Gam11	Waikiki Beach, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	59,680	[57,69]
	WHBR21	Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (West Bank), Northwestern Gulf of Mexico, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	96,720	[68]
G. excentricus	Pulley Ridge Gam 2	Pulley Ridge, Florida, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	1,630,000	[75]
	UNR-07	Armação dos Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil	UNIRIO	UNIRIO	1,013,833	[79]
	UNR-08	Armação dos Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil	UNIRIO	UNIRIO	441,490	[79]
	VGO1035	Playa Las Cabras, La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain)	CCVIEO	PHYC	242,050	[61]
	VGO790	Punta Hidalgo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain	CCVIEO	PHYC	171,711	[61]
	VGO791	Punta Hidalgo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain	CCVIEO	PHYC	2,200,160	[61]
	VGO792	Punta Hidalgo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain	CCVIEO	PHYC	2,159,997	[61]
G. pacificus	CCMP1650 (NOAA 9) (MR1)	Moorea, Society Islands, French Polynesia	NCMA	PHYC	630,175	[58]
	G10DC	Malaysia	IRTA	PHYC	965,040	[80]
Gambierdiscus sp. ribotype 2	CCMP1655 (MQ2)	Martinique, Caribbean, insular region of France	NCMA	PHYC	109,080	[89]
	Mixed PR	Puerto Rico, United States of America	CCFHR	CCFHR	98,560	[75]
	St Maartens Gam10	St. Maarteens, Kingdom of the Netherlands	CCFHR	CCFHR	116,000	[75]
	SW Algae Gam1	Southwater Cay, Belize	CCFHR	CCFHR	76,410	[75]
G. scabrosus	KW070922_1	Kashiwa-jima Island, Otsuki, Kochi, Japan	KU	PHYC	771,711	[63,87]
G. silvae	UNR-30	Brazil	UNIRIO	UNIRIO	362,877	Unpublished strain
	VGO1167	Punta Hidalgo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain	CCVIEO	PHYC	502,080	[62]
	VGO1180	Punta Hidalgo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain	CCVIEO	PHYC	421,430	[62]
Gambierdiscus sp.	Viet Nam	Cau Island, Binh Thuan, South China Sea, Viet Nam	VNIO	PHYC	1,726,949	[67,83,90]
G. toxicus	GTT-91	Teahupoo, Tahiti, French Polynesia	CCFHR	CCFHR	116,625	[70]
	HIT-0	Hitiaa, Tahiti, French Polynesia	CCFHR	CCFHR	106,650	[70]
	HIT-25	Hitiaa, Tahiti, French Polynesia	CCFHR	CCFHR	74,800	[70]