NSF regulates platelet granule exocytosis. (A) Human platelets contain NSF and syntaxin-4. Lysates of human platelets, recombinant NSF, or human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were immunoblotted with antibody to NSF (Left) or syntaxin-4 (Right). (B) NSF regulates α-granule release: antibody inhibition. Human platelets were permeabilized, incubated with antibody, and activated with Ca2+. β-Thromboglobulin release was measured by ELISA. (n = 4–6 ± SD, *, P < 0.05 vs. IgG and Ca2+.)