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. 2005 Feb 22;102(10):3875–3880. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0500423102

Table 1. Physiological solutions.

Solution
Component 1 2 3 4 5A 5B 6A 6B 7 8A 8B 9A 9B 10A 10B 11A 11B 12A 12B 13A 13B 14
NaCl 137 124.7 115 79 137.3 20.7 137.3 20.7 101 91 113 113 91 113 91 113 91 54.7 142.1 54.7 132 130.7
KCl 5 5 5 5 0 10 0 10 5 0 10 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 5
Na2HPO4 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
NaH2PO4 0 2 2.3 2 4 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 2
CaCl2 0.2 1 3.6 1 2 0 2 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 2 0 2 0 0 2 1
MgSO4 0.8 1.2 1 1.2 2.4 0 2.4 0 1.2 2.4 0 0 2.4 0 2.4 0 2.4 0 2.4 0 2.4 1.2
MgCl2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Glucose 0 10.5 8.3 10.5 21 0 21 0 10.5 21 0 0 21 0 21 0 21 0 21 0 21 10.5
Glutamine 2 2 0 2 4 0 4 0 2 4 0 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 2
l-alanine 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l-lactic acid 2 2 2 2 4 0 4 0 2 4 0 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 2
CO2, mM (%) 0 1.2 (5) 1.2 (5) 1.2 (5) 2.4 (10) 0 0 2.4 (10) 1.2 (5) 0 0 1.2 (5) 0 4.8 (20) 0 9.6 (40) 0 2.4 (10) 0 2.4 (10) 0 0
NaHCO3 0 22 22 22 0 0 0 88 22 0 44 44 0 44 0 44 0 44 0 44 0 0
Na gluconate 0 0 0 22 0 88 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tris·HCl 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hepes 0 0 0 32.5 0 65 65 0 32.5 65 0 0 65 0 65 0 65 0 65 0 65 32.5
Albumin, g/liter 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
pH 7.40 7.40 7.40 7.40 5.40 7.55 7.29 7.70 7.40 6.99 9.40 7.70 7.34 7.10 7.46 6.80 7.52 7.40 6.64 7.40 8.11 7.40

The concentrations are in mM except for CO2 (given both in mM and %) and albumin (g/liter). Except for solution 1 (4°C), all solutions were titrated to the indicated pH at 37°C. Tris·HCl and Hepes were titrated with NaOH. Solutions: 1, Hanks' dissection; 2, lumen, equilibriated 5% CO2, 22 mM HCO2-; 3, warmup bath, equilibrated 5% CO2 22 mM HCO2; 4, 86 mM Cl- bath, equilibrated 5% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 5, 86 mM Cl- bath, OOE solution 5% CO2 0 mM HCO3-; 6, 86 mM Cl- bath, OOE solution 5% CO2 44 mM HCO3-; 7, standard bath, equilibrated 5% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 8, bath, OOE solution 0% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 9, bath, OOE solution 2.5% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 10, bath, OOE solution 10% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 11, bath, OOE solution 20% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 12, pH 6.8 bath, OOE solution 5% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 13, pH 8.0 bath, OOE solution 5% CO2 22 mM HCO3-; 14, Hepes lumen/bath. Solution 2 was used as a luminal perfusate. Solution 3 was used as a basolateral perfusate. OOE solutions were generated by rapidly mixing their respective A and B components in 1:1 ratio. Solutions 5B, 6A, 8A, 8B, 9B, 10B, 11B, 12B, and 13B were vigorously gassed with 100% O2 to render them free of CO2. Mixed pH was 7.40 for solutions 5, 6, 8—11, 6.80 for solution 12, and 8.00 for solution 13.