MiR-199a-5p or miR-214–3p directly targets CDH1 and CLDN2 in HPMCs. (A–D) Predicted duplex formation between the human CDH1 and CLDN2 3′ UTRs and the miR-199a-5p binding site within the wild-type (wt) CDH1 and CLDN2 3′ UTRs and mutant (mut) CDH1 and CLDN2 3′ UTRs. (E–H) Luciferase activity of wt and mut CDH1(E and F) and CLDN2 3′ UTR reporter genes in HPMCs transfected with the miR-199a-5p and miR-214–3p mimics (top) and inhibitors (bottom) compared with empty mimic or inhibitor oligonucleotides. (I–L) E-cadherin and claudin-2 expression in HPMCs transfected with E-cadherin and claudin-2 plasmids containing the wild-type 3′UTR or lacking the 3′UTR, along with miR-199a-5p and miR-214–3p, compared with the control oligonucleotide (mnc) was detected by western blotting. *P<0.05; **P<0.01. CDS, coding sequence; NC, nonspecific control; ns, not significant; UTR, untranslated regions; −, negative; +, positive.