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. 2017 Jul 28;12(7):e0181762. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181762

Table 2. Parameter values of the circadian and ultradian rhythms according SSA analysis.

Controls Acute insomnia p
mean(T) 1432 ± 35 1429 ± 24 0.572
mean(M) 217 ± 57 218 ± 64 1.00
mean(A) 190 ± 55 186 ± 60 0.431
mean(ϕ0) 234 ± 23 253 ± 25 0.013 (*)
15 : 36 ± 1 : 32 16 : 52 ± 1 : 40
SD(ϕ0) 26 ± 16 23 ± 9 0.415
CV(ϕ0) 0.11 ± 0.06 0.09 ± 0.03 0.202
Skew(ϕ0) 0.28 ± 0.97 0.09 ± 0.54 0.378
Kurt(ϕ0) 2.84 ± 0.87 2.21 ± 0.60 0.015 (*)
SD(A) 51 ± 17 69 ± 27 0.031 (*)
CV(A) 0.28 ± 0.12 0.37 ± 0.10 0.010 (*)
Skew(A) 0.12 ± 0.72 0.31 ± 0.61 0.535
Kurt(A) 2.27 ± 0.67 2.34 ± 0.72 0.588
γ1 0.85 ± 0.17 0.73 ± 0.21 0.04 (*)
γ2 0.86 ± 0.15 1.02 ± 0.22 0.04 (*)
R2 0.20 ± 0.06 0.20 ± 0.05 0.979

Parameter values of the circadian cycle for period T (min), mesor M (1/min), amplitude A (1/min), acrophase ϕ0 in degrees (°) and hours and minutes (hh:mm) after midnight, and coefficient of determination R2. Values given in the table are the population average and the standard deviation. (*) Considered to be significant (p < 0.05) according to a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test.