Capability of NSCs to differentiate into astrocytes at 4, 7, and 14 days. (A) Quantitative analysis of ALDH1L1 and GFAP mRNA expression in the five culture groups under static conditions, n = 3. (B) Quantitative analysis of ALDH1L1 and GFAP mRNA expression in the NSC monolayer on the ECM and NSC spheroids in perfusion and static culture, respectively, n = 3. (C) Confocal images of the NSC monolayer on the ECM in the static state. Green represents ALDH1L1 or GFAP, and blue is the nucleus. (D) Confocal images of NSC spheroids under perfusion conditions. Green represents ALDH1L1 or GFAP, and blue is the nucleus. Scale bars represent 100 μm.