Table 3.
Adjusteda change/difference in PDMS motor scores at 9 months by OP exposure
| OP Insecticide | Raw Subtest Scores | Composite Raw Scores | Motor Quotients | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reflexes (n=182) |
Stationary (n=188) |
Locomotion (n=187) |
Grasping (n=191) |
V-M (n=192) |
GM (n=180) |
FM (n=191) |
TM (n=179) |
GMQ (n=180) |
FMQ (n=191) |
TMQ (n=179) |
|
| Continuous | β (95% CI) for OPb | ||||||||||
| # OP Detects | 0.03 (−0.10, 0.17) | 0.08 (−0.18, 0.33) | 0.04 (−0.44–0.53) | −0.08 (−0.32, 0.17) | −0.21 (−0.54, 0.13) | 0.12 (−0.64, 0.88) | −0.29 (−0.80, 0.23) | −0.14 (−1.21, 0.93) | 0.11 (−0.48, 0.69) | −0.23 (−0.89, 0.43) | −0.03 (−0.60, 0.53) |
| Log-Naled | 0.08 (−0.14, 0.30) | 0.07 (−0.33, 0.47) | 0.06 (−0.71, 0.83) | −0.30 (−0.68, 0.08) | −0.55 * (−1.07, −0.30) | 0.36 (−0.84, 1.55) | −0.85 * (−1.65, −0.06) | −0.53 (−2.20, 1.15) | 0.44 (−0.48, 1.36) | −0.90 † (−1.92, 0.12) | −0.10 (−0.99, 0.79) |
| 3-level (High/Med./ND) | Difference in least square means (95% CI)c | ||||||||||
| Methamidophos (High vs ND) | −0.12 (−0.66, 0.41) | −0.31 (−1.29, 0.67) | −1.03 (−2.91, 0.85) | −0.70 (−1.63, 0.23) | −0.55 (−1.83, 0.73) | −1.30 (−4.24, 1.65) | −1.25 (−3.21, 0.71) | −2.77 (−6.89, 1.36) | −1.32 (−3.51, 0.87) | −1.67 (−4.18, 0.85) | −0.62 (−2.90, 1.67) |
| Methamidophos (Med. vs ND) | 0.06 (−0.48, 0.59) | −0.13 (−1.10, 0.84) | 0.13 (−1.73, 1.99) | −0.13 (−1.06, 0.79) | −0.01 (−1.28, 1.26) | 0.41 (−2.53, 3.35) | −0.18 (−2.11, 1.77) | 0.46 (−3.64, 4.57) | 0.07 (−2.12, 2.25) | 0.25 (−2.25, 2.75) | −0.23 (−2.52, 2.06) |
| Trichlorfon (High vs ND) | 0.28 (−0.27, 0.83) | 0.59 (−0.40, 1.58) | 1.19 (−0.71, 3.09) | 0.08 (−0.87, 1.03) | −0.10 (−1.40, 1.21) | 2.12 (−0.88, 5.12) | −0.05 (−2.06, 1.96) | 2.39 (−1.84, 6.61) | 2.07 (−0.24, 4.38) | 0.70 (−1.87, 3.26) | 1.77 (−0.46, 4.00) |
| Trichlorfon (Med. vs ND) | 0.30 (−0.23, 0.84) | −0.17 (−1.14, 0.80) | −0.06 (−1.92, 1.81) | −0.54 (−1.46, 0.39) | 0.07 (−1.34, 1.21) | −0.28 (3.20, 2.64) | −0.60 (−2.55, 1.35) | −0.75 (−4.84, 3.33) | −0.26 (−2.53, 2.01) | −0.97 (−3.47, 1.54) | −0.50 (−2.67–1.67) |
| 2-level (Detect/ND) | Difference in least square means (95% CI)c | ||||||||||
| Chlorpyrifos (Detect vs ND) | −0.50 * (−0.96, 0.04) | −0.67 (−1.52, 0.18) | −1.98 * (−3.62, −0.35) | −0.80 † (−1.61, 0.01) | −1.91 *** (−3.01, −0.81) | −3.49 ** (−6.03, −0.95) | −2.71 ** (−4.40, −1.02) | −6.29 *** (−9.83, −2.75) | −2.56 * (−4.53, −0.59) | −2.04 † (−4.23, 0.15) | −2.59 ** (−4.49, −0.70) |
| Phorate (Detect vs ND) | 0.22 (−0.39, 0.82) | 0.70 (−0.40, 1.80) | 0.49 (−1.64, 2.61) | 0.66 (−0.40, 1.73) | −1.01 (−2.45, 0.44) | 1.28 (−2.00, 4.57) | −0.38 (−2.62, 1.86) | 1.07 (−3.59, 5.73) | 0.79 (−1.74, 3.33) | 0.51 (−2.35, 3.37) | 0.69 (−1.77, 3.16) |
a
Models adjusted for sex, age at testing, and cord ferritin
b
Estimated change in 9-month motor score per 1 unit increase in OP
c
Difference in mean 9-month motor score
High/Medium/ND cut-offs (ng/mL): methamidophos >18.2/1.5–18.2/ND; trichlorfon >1.7/0.4–1.7/ND; chlorpyrifos ≥0.04/ND; phorate ≥1.8/ND
Abbreviations: V-M, visual-motor integration; GM, gross motor score; FM, fine motor score; TM, total motor score; GMQ, gross motor quotient; FMQ, fine motor quotient, TMQ, total motor quotient
†
p<0.10,
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001