Table 2.
Results of stable isotope analyses of collagen (δ13Ccoll, δ15Ncoll, δ15NPhe, δ15NGlu) from the animal and human samples of Buran-Kaya III.
| Ref lab | Species | Sample | Layer | Ccoll | Ncoll | C:Ncoll | δ13Ccoll | δ15Ncoll | δ15NPhe | δ15NGlu | TP | TP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (%) | (%) | (‰) | (‰) | C3 | Aqua | |||||||
| BK3-07-01 | Homo sapiens | cranial vault fgmt | 6−1 | 43.2 | 15.3 | 3.3 | −19.4 | 15.4 | 17.4 | 21.2 | 2.6 | 1.1 |
| BK3-12-01 | Homo sapiens | cranial vault fgmt | 6−1 | 41.9 | 15.4 | 3.2 | −18.9 | 16.8 | 17.6 | 20.9 | 2.5 | 1.0 |
| BK3-07-03 | Equus sp. | lower cheek tooth R | 6−1 | 20.6 | 7.3 | 3.3 | −20.4 | 8.1 | 13.1 | 11.8 | 1.9 | |
| BK3-07-04 | Cervus elaphus | metacarpal fgmt | 6−1 | 43.0 | 15.0 | 3.3 | −19.1 | 7.9 | 13.3 | 10.6 | 1.8 | |
| BK3-07-06 | Cervus elaphus | tibia fgmt R | 6−1 | 24.8 | 8.6 | 3.4 | −19.1 | 10.3 | 12.2 | 11.6 | 2.0 | |
| BK3-10-18 | Saiga tatarica | tibia fgmt L | 6−1 | 39.5 | 14.1 | 3.3 | −17.0 | 11.2 | 13.3 | 12.4 | 2.0 | |
| BK3-08-04 | Saiga tatarica | humerus fgmt L | 6−1 | 42.0 | 14.8 | 3.3 | −16.4 | 11.8 | 16.3 | 15.5 | 2.0 | |
| BK3-07-02 | Saiga tatarica | jawbone fgmt L | 6−1 | 34.9 | 12.0 | 3.4 | −15.6 | 9.5 | 14.5 | 12.9 | 1.9 | |
| BK3-07-05 | Saiga tatarica | proximal phalanx | 6−1 | 45.7 | 15.6 | 3.4 | −16.4 | 10.2 | 13.9 | 13.1 | 2.0 | |
| BK3-11-04 | Saiga tatarica | radius fgmt L | 6−1 | 45.7 | 16.0 | 3.3 | −15.5 | 10.0 | ||||
| BK3-08-01 | Lepus sp. | humerus fgmt L | 6−1 | 41.0 | 14.3 | 3.4 | −20.7 | 6.0 | 12.5 | 9.9 | 1.8 | |
| BK3-11-02 | Mammuthus primigenius | processed ivory | 6−1 | 39.6 | 14.1 | 3.3 | −20.7 | 12.6 | 17.5 | 15.5 | 1.8 | |
| BK3-07-08 | Canis lupus | proximal phalanx | 6−1 | 37.1 | 13.1 | 3.3 | −18.7 | 13.0 | 17.4 | 24.7 | 3.1 | |
| BK3-08-02 | cf. Vulpes vulpes | tibia fgmt R | 6−1 | 38.6 | 14.0 | 3.2 | −17.2 | 11.5 | 12.3 | 15.8 | 2.6 | |
| BK3-08-03 | Vulpes sp./Alopex lagopus | femur fgmt L | 6−1 | 42.2 | 15.0 | 3.3 | −17.2 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 17.7 | 2.6 | |
| BK3-07-07 | Vulpes sp./Alopex lagopus | metatarsal V L | 6−1 | 44.4 | 15.2 | 3.4 | −17.9 | 9.4 | 14.2 | 18.9 | 2.7 | |
| BK3-11-01 | Homo sapiens | cranial vault fgmt | 6−2 | 34.6 | 13.2 | 3.1 | −18.8 | 15.8 | 16.6 | 19.7 | 2.5 | 1.0 |
| BK3-08-05 | Equus sp. | metatarsal fgmt R | 6−2* | 32.2 | 11.5 | 3.3 | −19.2 | 9.0 | ||||
| BK3-10-19 | Saiga tatarica | metacarpal fgmt R | 6−2 | 41.8 | 14.7 | 3.3 | −17.8 | 10.7 | 16.1 | 14.0 | 1.8 | |
| BK3-08-07 | cf. Alopex lagopus | humerus fgmt R | 6−2 | 42.6 | 14.8 | 3.4 | −19.2 | 14.2 | 15.7 | 20.3 | 2.7 | |
| BK3-08-09 | cf. Alopex lagopus | ulna fgmt L | 6−2 | 36.2 | 12.8 | 3.3 | −19.6 | 7.8 | 11.7 | 15.7 | 2.6 |
The carbon and nitrogen composition of the collagen is given through elemental composition (Ccoll, Ncoll) and atomic ratio (C:Ncoll). fgmt stands for fragment, L for left and R for right, *indicates that the former stratigraphy position is now questioned based on the direct radiocarbon date (possible re-attribution to 6–326).