Table 1.
Summary of nanomaterials for CTC capture and therapeutic targeting.
| Nanomaterials | Pros | Cons | Examples (references) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liposomes | Biocompatibility, long blood circulation time | Low stability | 24,98,100,145 |
| Polymeric nanomaterials | Biocompatibility and biodegradability, ease for chemical modification | Low stability | 33,105 |
| Magnetic nanoparticles/nanoclusters | Biocompatibility, magnetic separation | Magnetic aggregation | 27,106,129,150,155 |
| Gold nanoparticles | High stability, laser-controlled simultaneous detection and ablation | Non-biodegradability | 10,37,38,41,42,47 |
| Quantum dots | Quantitative detection with high sensitivity | Toxicity | 85,91 |
| Graphene/graphene oxides | Ultrahigh specific surface area for multiplex functionalization | Non-specific cellular internalization | 29,65,88,142,153 |