Table 4.

Changes in Parents’ Esthetic Perceptions of Child’s Dentition from 9 to 11 years old (N=376)

Item	% of responses			P-value*
	Improved	Same	Declined
Satisfaction with overall appearance	22	61	17	.17
Satisfaction with overall color	17	59	24	<.05
Concern:	Less concern	Same	More concern	P-value†
Shape	4	86	10	.003
Color	9	74	17	.003
Alignment	15	70	15	.93
Spacing	17	73	10	.004
Crowding	12	77	11	.67
Color irregularities	7	82	11	.09
Other	6	90	4	.25

^*P-value from Bowker’s test of symmetry. The 4×4 tables showing 9- and 11-year-old responses have been condensed to “improved,” “same,” and “declined” for simplicity of presentation. The Bowker’s tests employ all data in the off-diagonal cells of the 4×4 original tables.

^†P-value from McNemar’s test of symmetry