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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 30.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med Genet A. 2014 Nov 26;167A(2):331–344. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36864

TABLE V.

Anthropometrics and orthopedics for individuals with Angelman syndrome, late-adolescence through adulthood

Full Cohort
% (n)
Female
odds ratio
21–25y
odds ratio
26–30y
odds ratio
31–50y
odds ratio
UBE3A
odds ratio
UPD
odds ratio

Anthropometrics
 Height (m) 1.62 (0.114, 109) −0.135** −0.003 0.025 −0.012 −0.010 0.030
 Body Mass Index 23.72 (4.679, 109) 1.085 0.423 0.931 1.525 1.582 −0.210
  Underweight 9% (109) 1.655 0.352 0.220 IS (0%, 16) 0.903 IS (0%, 10)
  Overweight 22% (109) 0.415 0.637 0.349 0.553 0.889 0.346
  Obese 10% (109) 12.468* 1.418 2.048 1.853 2.735 1.063
Orthopedics
 Hypertonia
  Knee contracture 43% (109) 1.107 1.266 1.005 2.007 2.933 3.422
  Tendon lengthening surgery a 20% (85) 0.299* 0.503 0.151 1.178 1.778 0.762
 Scoliosis 50 (109) 1.491 1.985 0.559 1.045 0.680 0.437
  Age at scoliosis diagnosis δ 12.06 (sd: 5.603, n=49) 0.258 1.968 2.759 3.629 −3.974 1.259
  Scoliosis, mild 61% (54) 2.521 0.793 1.239 1.239 IS (0%, 4) IS (100%, 5)
  Scoliosis, severe 39% (54) 0.397 1.261 0.807 0.807 IS (0%, 4) IS (0%, 5)
  Surgical intervention 24% (54) 0.207* 1.000 0.613 0.250 IS (0%, 4) IS (0%, 5)
 Bone density
  Osteoporosis/osteopenia 16% (109) 1.137 5.684* 1.208 2.920 IS (0%, 9) 1.071
  History of broken hip or femur 7% (109) 1.776 1.423 1.873 2.783 1.417 1.259

Age sub-groups compared with the 16–20y cohort. Genotype sub-groups compared with the Del cohort.

a

hamstring and/or achilles. δ. regression coefficient listed for each covariate.

*

statistically significant odds ratio (α = 0.05).

**

statistically significant regression coefficient (α=0.05). IS: infinite solution (%, n), m: meters.