Table 2.

Clinical trials to be conducted in the field of AKI

RCT comparing early versus late RRT initiation with inclusion guided by biomarker(s) of non-recovery

RCT assessing the impact of an AKI care bundle compared with standard of care on clinically important endpoints in patients with (early) AKI

RCT assessing the efficacy of an AKI care bundle compared with standard of care for prevention of AKI in specific populations at high risk

Cluster randomised trial evaluating the impact of e-alerts on the process of care and clinically important outcomes in specific at-risk populations (e.g. post-operative patients)

An adeguately powered RCT comparing the renal outcome of saline with balanced crystalloid in patients at high risk of AKI and presumed to reguire large volume resuscitation. The effects on renal function of conservative fluid prescription titrated to physiologic parameters compared with usual care should also be assessed

RCT assessing the impact on renal outcome and health economics of using specific indicators for RRT discontinuation versus usual care

RCT assessing the impact of a fluid removal strategy versus usual care on the development of AKI in patients with fluid overload

RCT assessing the impact of nephrological follow-up of AKI survivors on long-term kidney function and mortality

Analysis of the association between renal functional reserve (measured with acute protein loading) and short- and long-term renal outcome. RCT comparing the impact of preoperative GFR augmentation by acute protein loading on post-operative development of AKI

RCT(s) evaluating the efficacy of pharmacologic treatments intervening in (newly discovered) pathophysiological pathways in the development of AKI