Table 3. Association between variables and CIAKI in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI by univariate regression analysis.
| Variables | Crude OR | 95% CI | p value |
| Age (years) | 1.031 | 0.997-1.066 | 0.071* |
| Body mass index | 0.938 | 0.828-1.104 | 1.062 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.96 | 1.180-3.257 | 0.009# |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 0.844 | 0.720-0.989 | 0.036# |
| Killip class | 1.216 | 0.848-1.745 | 0.288 |
| I | 0.544 | 0.205-1.445 | 0.222 |
| II | 1.536 | 0.627-3.716 | 0.348 |
| III | 0.509 | 0.064-4.044 | 0.523 |
| IV | 1.615 | 0.621-4.202 | 0.326 |
| Mehran risk score | 1.218 | 1.101-1.348 | < 0.001# |
| IABP use | 2.504 | 1.026-6.114 | 0.044# |
| Congestive heart failure | 0.509 | 0.064-4.404 | 0.523 |
| Age > 75 (years) | 2.248 | 0.934-5.411 | 0.071 |
| Anemia | 1.458 | 0.596-3.566 | 0.409 |
| Creatinine > 1.5 (mg/dl) | 3.743 | 1.528-9.116 | 0.004 |
| Procedural characteristics | |||
| Multi-vessel disease | 4.395 | 0.996-19.41 | 0.051* |
| Contrast volume use (ml) | 1.001 | 0.992-1.009 | 0.906 |
| Fluoroscopy times (mins)† | 1.027 | 0.980-1.076 | 0.268 |
| IRA-LAD | 1.566 | 0.653-3.755 | 0.314 |
| Initial TIMI flow | 0.862 | 0.570-1.303 | 0.481 |
| Final TIMI flow | 1.172 | 0.435-3.158 | 0.753 |
| SYNTAX score of IRA‡ | 1.157 | 1.039-1.288 | 0.008# |
| SYNTAX score > 10 of IRA‡ | 3.909 | 1.570-9.735 | 0.003# |
| PCI to non-IRA | 4.238 | 0.732-24.55 | 0.107 |
| Numbers of BID performed | 1.045 | 0.989-1.105 | 0.118 |
| BID > 9 times | 3.106 | 1.284-7.513 | 0.012# |
| Door-to-balloon time (mins) | 1.000 | 0.994-1.007 | 0.897 |
| Trans-femoral approach | 2.852 | 0.365-22.26 | 0.318 |
| Thrombus aspiration | 0.681 | 0.286-1.624 | 0.386 |
| Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use | 0.724 | 0.303-1.728 | 0.467 |
| Bare-metal stent implantation | 0.851 | 0.296-2.450 | 0.765 |
| Drug-eluting stent implantation | 0.995 | 0.233-4.253 | 0.994 |
| Numbers of stent implantation | 1.285 | 0.757-2.181 | 0.353 |
| Peri-procedural complications | 2.311 | 0.908-5.882 | 0.079* |
| Any dissection | 2.388 | 0.938-6.081 | 0.068* |
| Spiral dissection | 1.638 | 0.336-7.987 | 0.542 |
| Acute no-reflow after stenting | 0.988 | 0.212-4.602 | 0.988 |
| Heavy calcification | 2.026 | 0.733-5.599 | 0.173 |
| IRA lesion > 20 mm | 4.517 | 0.587-34.768 | 0.148 |
| Bifurcation lesion | 0.874 | 0.488-1.567 | 0.652 |
| Medication use at discharge | |||
| Aspirin | 0.509 | 0.054-4.758 | 0.553 |
| Beta-blocker | 0.405 | 0.159-1.035 | 0.059* |
| ACEI or ARB | 7.958 | 2.815-22.49 | < 0.001# |
* Trends toward significant associations among variables and CIAKI. # Statistical significance among variables and CIAKI. † 32 data missing for flurotime. ‡ see detailed in material and methods
ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; BID, balloon inflations and deflations; CI, confidence interval; CIAKI, contrast-induced acute kidney injury; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; IRA, infarct-related artery; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; OR, odds ratio; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIMI flow, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow.