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. 2017 May 2;7(5):e1111. doi: 10.1038/tp.2017.83

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Schematic diagram illustrating the disruption of the balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission in bipolar disorder (BD) patients, and also the modulation of Bcl-2 family. This imbalance in mitochondrial fission and fusion towards fission causes mitochondrial fragmentation and may directly drive the cell into apoptosis, leading to the release of pro-apoptotic proteins, cristae remodeling, and activation of caspase-3. Moreover, members of the Bcl-2 family may participate in the regulation of mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics in BD patients.