Table 2.
Patient characteristics at baseline, comparing the BoNT-A+Rehab with the BoNT-A no rehab group. The groups did not differ on any baseline demographic or clinical variables. The Ashworth scale is the total across elbow, wrist, fingers, and thumb with a possible range of 0–16. Functional Independence Measure (FIM); Disability Assessment Scale (DAS); Patient Disability Scale (PDS); Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
| Demographic and Clinical Variables |
BoNT-A + Rehab (n = 15) | 95% CI | BoNT-A no Rehab (n = 16) | 95% CI | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 58.0 ± 6.6 | 54.40–61.67 | 60.9 ± 11.0 | 55.07–66.81 | 0.384 |
| Sex, M/F | 11/4 | 10/6 | 0.704 | ||
| Stroke in dominant Hemisphere * n/% | 5/33% | 8/50% | 0.473 | ||
| Race (Caucasian, African American, Hispanic) | 10/3/2 | 11/4/1 | 0.782 | ||
| Fugl–Meyer | 58.5 ± 12.9 | 51.39–65.67 | 58.1 ± 15.6 | 49.75–66.38 | 0.928 |
| FIM, motor subscale | 70.9 ± 15.2 | 62.43–79.3 | 73.5 ± 17.5 | 64.16–82.84 | 0.659 |
| Ashworth | 9.3 ± 2.8 | 7.79–10.88 | 10.1 ± 2.7 | 8.67–11.58 | 0.431 |
| DAS | 6.9 ± 2.9 | 5.32–8.55 | 6.5 ± 2.2 | 5.33–7.67 | 0.642 |
| PDS | 18.2 ± 6.4 | 14.68–21.72 | 18.0 ± 5.1 | 15.26–20.74 | 0.924 |
| VAS | 1.9 ± 2.8 | 0.29–3.44 | 1.3 ± 2.1 | 0.19–2.41 | 0.530 |
* Presumed dominant hemisphere based on hand preference.