IBD	inflammatory bowel disease
UC	ulcerative colitis
CD	Crohn’s disease
NSP	non-starch polysaccharide
DF	dietary fiber
SCFAs	short chain fatty acids
CRC	colorectal cancer
MDA	malondialdehyde
MPO	myeloperoxidase
PCNA	proliferating cell nuclear antigen
DSS	dextran sulfate
Treg	regulatory T cells
NK cell	natural killer cell
HLA-B27	human leucocyte antigen-B27
TNBS	trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
GB	germinated barley
DAI	disease activity index
WB	wheat bran
RS	resistant starch
ISAPP	International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics
TLR	toll-like receptor
IBS	irritable bowel syndrome
PHGG	partially hydrolyzed guar gum
WJPs	wild jujube polysaccharides
TER	transepithelial electrical resistance
AMPK	adenosine 5′-monophosphate activated protein kinase
FODMAPs	fermentable, oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor α
IL-1	interleukin-1
AP	A. sinensis polysaccharide
IFN-γ	interferon-γ
Th-	T helper cell
HFD	high-fat diet
GI	gastrointestinal
DC	dendritic cell
ITF	inulin-type fructans
GPRs	G-protein-coupled receptors
Fas	APO-1/CD95
EGF	epidermal growth factor
KGF	keratinocyte growth factor