Figure 2.
WK2-16 suppresses matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9- and MMP-2-mediated gelatinolysis induced by different stimulants. THP-1 cells (5 × 105 cells/0.5 mL) were dispensed onto 24-well plates and were treated with: LPS (50 ng/mL) (A); tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (10 ng/mL) (B); phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (10 nM) (C); or transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (10 ng/mL) (D) for 24 h as indicated. THP-1 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of WK2-16 (2, 5, 10 and 20 μM) or vehicle or 15 min before treatment with stimulant. The cell-free supernatants were then assayed for MMP activity by gelatin zymography. The data are represented as the means ± S.D. from three to four independent experiments. ### p < 0.001 compared with the resting condition. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001 compared with the vehicle.