Table 1.

Testable accountability hypotheses

Testable hypotheses	Interventional construct
Levels of accountability differ from patient–physician, patient–nurse, patient–psychologist, or other patient–provider interactions	Accountability and social support
Gender, age, and ethnicity affect the degree of accountability between patient and provider and thus affects adherence	Accountability and personal factors
Certain types of social interactions between patient and provider carry more weight in increasing accountability and adherence	Accountability and social interactions
Autonomous accountability leads to better long-term behavioral change compared to controlled accountability	Autonomous and controlled accountability

Note: Multiple testable hypotheses are suggested to further refine and understand autonomous and controlled accountability.