Table 4. Average Joint Posture During Force Production (Output from Forward Dynamics)*.
Model | Ulnar Deviation | Wrist Flexion | CMC Flexion | CMC Abduction | MP Flexion | IP Flexion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Target Posture | 0 | 0 | -15 | -20 | 20 | 40 |
Nonimpaired | 0.0 ± 0.5 | -0.7 ± 1.2 | -13.8 ± 0.7 | -18.3 ± 2.9 | 17.6 ± 1. 6 | 43.1 ± 3.0 |
SE4CF | -7.8 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | -9.8 ± 0.4 | -18.3 ± 1.4 | 23.7 ± 0.4 | 36.3 ± 0.3 |
PRC | -6.7 ± 1.6 | 0.0 ± 1.3 | -8.4 ± 1.8 | -24.0 ± 2.7 | 26.1 ± 0.5 | 24.6 ± 3.6 |
All values reported in degrees; standard deviations represent variation across simulations of different force magnitude. Ulnar deviation, flexion, and abduction are defined as positive.