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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 14.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2017 May 5;58:97–104. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.04.024

Table 4. Average Joint Posture During Force Production (Output from Forward Dynamics)*.

Model Ulnar Deviation Wrist Flexion CMC Flexion CMC Abduction MP Flexion IP Flexion
Target Posture 0 0 -15 -20 20 40
Nonimpaired 0.0 ± 0.5 -0.7 ± 1.2 -13.8 ± 0.7 -18.3 ± 2.9 17.6 ± 1. 6 43.1 ± 3.0
 SE4CF -7.8 ± 0.5 1.5 ± 0.2 -9.8 ± 0.4 -18.3 ± 1.4 23.7 ± 0.4 36.3 ± 0.3
 PRC -6.7 ± 1.6 0.0 ± 1.3 -8.4 ± 1.8 -24.0 ± 2.7 26.1 ± 0.5 24.6 ± 3.6
*

All values reported in degrees; standard deviations represent variation across simulations of different force magnitude. Ulnar deviation, flexion, and abduction are defined as positive.