Table 2.
Risk factors of second-line drug resistance among 156 MDRa isolates.
| Characteristics | Number (%) of isolates (n = 156) | Number (%) of isolates | OR (95% CI) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistantb | Susceptiblec | ||||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 35 (22.4) | 21 (25.9) | 14 (18.6) | — | — |
| Male | 121 (77.6) | 60 (74.1) | 61 (81.3) | 1.356 (0.635–2.894) | 0.431 |
| Age | |||||
| ~29 | 29 (18.6) | 17 (21.0) | 12 (16.0) | — | — |
| 30~39 | 33 (21.2) | 19 (23.5) | 14 (18.7) | 1.044 (0.380–2.870) | 0.934 |
| 40~49 | 40 (25.6) | 19 (23.5) | 21 (28.0) | 1.566 (0.597–4.110) | 0.361 |
| 50~59 | 25 (16.0) | 16 (19.8) | 9 (12.0) | 0.797 (0.265–2.397) | 0.686 |
| 60~69 | 21 (13.5) | 5 (6.2) | 16 (21.3) | 4.533 (1.303–15.772) | 0.014 |
| ≧70 | 8 (5.1) | 5 (6.2) | 3 (4.0) | 0.850 (0.170–4.256) | 1.000h |
| District | |||||
| Urban | 79 (50.6) | 36 (44.4) | 43 (57.3) | — | — |
| Suburb | 77 (49.4) | 45 (55.6) | 32 (42.7) | 0.595 (0.316–1.122) | 0.108 |
| Treatment history | |||||
| Previously treated failure casesd | 18 (11.5) | 6 (7.4) | 12 (16.0) | — | — |
| Previously treated casese | 30 (19.2) | 18 (22.2) | 12 (16.0) | 0.333 (0.098–1.132) | 0.074 |
| Retreatment failure casesf | 23 (14.7) | 15 (18.5) | 8 (10.7) | 0.267 (0.072–0.9814) | 0.043 |
| Retreatment casesg | 85 (54.5) | 42 (51.9) | 43 (57.3) | 0.512 (0.176–1.490) | 0.214 |
aMDR is defined as Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin. bThe isolate strain is resistant to one of the second-line drugs as follows: OFX, KAN, AMK, CAP, PTO, or PAS; cThe isolate strain is susceptible to all of the second-line drugs as follows: OFX, KAN, AMK, CAP, PTO, and PAS. dPreviously treated failure cases, still sputum smear-positive after the whole treatment (6 months) or treatment for 5 months. ePreviously treated cases, still sputum smear-positive at the end of 3-month treatment. fRetreatment failure case, still sputum smear-positive after the whole treatment (9 months) or treatment for 5 months. gRetreatment cases, who were once cured but relapsed or were treated more than 1 month but treatment interruption was longer than 2 months; now accept treatment again; hP value from Fisher's exact test.