Table 2.
Patient Demographics Measured as of Index Date
| Demographics | Propensity score matched | Unmatched | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients using sulfonylurea (N = 13,657) | Patients using SGLT-2 inhibitor (N = 13,657) | Standardized difference for matched cohorts, % | Patients using sulfonylurea (N = 25,490) | Patients using SGLT-2 inhibitor (N = 17,724) | P value for unmatched cohorts | |
| Age, yrs, mean (SD) | 54.3 (9.7) | 54.3 (9.5) | 0.522 | 57.7 (11.8) | 54.0 (9.2) | <.001 |
| Age-group | <.001 | |||||
| 18-34 yrs | 2.6% | 2.5% | 0.880 | 2.1% | 2.4% | |
| 35-44 yrs | 12.6% | 12.6% | 0.229 | 10.2% | 12.8% | |
| 45-54 yrs | 32.9% | 32.2% | 1.528 | 26.0% | 33.6% | |
| 55-64 yrs | 42.6% | 42.8% | 0.572 | 39.4% | 42.8% | |
| 65-79 yrs | 8.7% | 9.3% | 2.109 | 17.2% | 7.9% | |
| ≥80 yrs | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.692 | 5.0% | 0.5% | |
| Men | 53.9% | 53.4% | 1.005 | 56.1% | 52.9% | <.001 |
| Insurance plan type | <.001 | |||||
| Comprehensive | 5.3% | 5.4% | 0.227 | 13.9% | 4.5% | |
| EPO | 0.5% | 0.3% | 2.691 | 0.4% | 0.3% | |
| HMO | 8.9% | 8.9% | 0.281 | 10.6% | 8.4% | |
| POS | 5.2% | 5.1% | 0.068 | 5.4% | 5.1% | |
| PPO | 60.2% | 60.8% | 1.078 | 53.1% | 62.0% | |
| POS with capitation | 0.4% | 0.7% | 3.647 | 0.3% | 0.7% | |
| CDHP | 11.0% | 10.7% | 0.813 | 8.7% | 11.1% | |
| HDHP | 3.7% | 3.4% | 1.556 | 3.3% | 3.3% | |
| Unknown | 4.9% | 4.7% | 0.909 | 4.3% | 4.7% | |
| Payer | <.001 | |||||
| Commercial | 90.0% | 89.7% | 1.043 | 77.0% | 91.2% | |
| Medicare | 10.0% | 10.3% | 1.043 | 23.0% | 8.8% | |
| Geographic region | <.001 | |||||
| Northeast | 17.0% | 17.0% | 0.125 | 16.3% | 16.8% | |
| North Central | 16.6% | 16.9% | 0.739 | 23.4% | 15.8% | |
| South | 58.3% | 57.8% | 1.143 | 49.7% | 59.9% | |
| West | 7.9% | 8.2% | 1.320 | 10.6% | 7.5% | |
| Unknown | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.637 | 0.1% | 0.1% | |
| Population density | .022 | |||||
| Urban | 83.7% | 83.8% | 0.344 | 83.3% | 84.3% | |
| Rural | 16.2% | 16.1% | 0.236 | 16.6% | 15.7% | |
| Unknown | 0.1% | 0.1% | 1.334 | 0.1% | 0.1% | |
| Index copay, mean (SD)a | $4 ($6) | $48 ($70) | 88.163 | $4 ($6) | $48 ($83) | <.001 |
a
Not used in the propensity score model.
CDHP indicates consumer-directed health plan; EPO, exclusive provider organization; HDHP, high-deductible health plan; HMO, health maintenance organization; POS, point of service; PPO, preferred provider organization; SD, standard deviation; SGLT-2, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2.