Table 4.

Performance of virtual cultivars under baseline climate and climate change (temp. + CO₂ + rain) by 2050 at Hisar and Jaipur sites in India. Grain yield in kg ha^− 1.

Virtual cultivars	Baseline climate		Climate change 2050
	Grain yield	% change	Grain yield	% change
	Hisar
Baseline	1019	–	1105	–
10% short	822	− 19	907	− 18
10% long	1195	17	1294	17
Baseline + yield pot.	1259	24a	1416	28a
10% short + yield pot.	1036	26a	1182	30a
10% long + yield pot.	1449	21a	1622	25a
LSD (0.05)b	178		194
10% long + yield pot.	1449	–	1622	–
10% long + yield pot. + drought tolerance (DT)	1567	8c	1761	9c
10% long + yield pot. + heat tolerance (HT)	1489	3c	1751	8c
10% long + yield pot. + DT + HT	1614	11c	1892	17c
LSD (0.05)b	54		64
	Jaipur
Baseline	1405		1303
10% short	970	− 31	874	− 33
10% long	1492	6	1358	4
Baseline + yield pot.	1661	18a	1574	21a
10% short + yield pot.	1293	33a	1252	43a
10% long + yield pot.	1658	11a	1537	13a
LSD (0.05)b	220		185
Baseline + yield pot.	1661		1575
Baseline + yield pot. + drought tolerance (DT)	1796	8c	1683	7c
Baseline + yield pot. + heat tolerance (HT)	1732	4c	1672	6c
Baseline + yield pot. + DT + HT	1852	11c	1786	13c
LSD (0.05)b	38		32

% change: percent yield gain of a virtual cultivar due to the trait as compared to the baseline cultivar yield unless otherwise indicated.

^aYield improvement compared to the cultivar with same crop maturity.

^bLeast significant difference at 5% level of probability to compare yields within the column above the LSD value.

^cYield improvement compared to the cultivar with same crop maturity and yield potential.